1 20 35 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/34455/archive/files/50ca44f5c85d407691dab139e173cce8.pdf?Expires=1779321600&Signature=I-1L%7EYd%7EEWnRYIcuiHMPuGGP088ChBwrnAU8aOpuN4lDbbfmPX8U0wauxzSZaqGKHZwTnxvhkZhxyOP%7EI-BRBxyZibbMwAStohPvK6TVHcRViNp9Gzn-Q-w3H5dRfItOF2HMSAB3byuofbRkiMSOe5LlE13rzqSm-WW39VIeKHnAe29oCSuLagu9ILHtu9M4ic-8gkkQ3PkIOUS1rmbtAj0ZEBssFHRQtgPpk-8vadnTC93W0%7EPqNKIhM4%7EhOQfL5RA3aWQkSAgCU863t394ku4Rn0gOYAsHvuD3bmcWcD2vWjg9JDofhsCCg1SAevYQFbGCO9uLDpfrSADBteBZ9w__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 13799e531df7f160ced45b2c6c006652 PDF Text Text [,J From Vienna to Louisville, 1938 - 1940 By Gertrude ("Trude") Breiner as told to Carolyn Moyse and Virginia Wilson, daughters ofFlorence B. Jones, who was the owner ofthe house at 2063 Sherwood A venue, Louisville, Kentucky, where the Breiner family lived for over twenty years after arriving in Louisville from Vienna. July, 1999 Thefamily: MichaelAckermann,father; ElsaAckermann, daughter; Kurt Ackermann, son; Gerda Pokorny, fiancee ofKurt Ackermann; Gertrude (['rude) Ackermann, daughter. The story: As told by Trude We were born and raised in Vienna, Austria. It was a lovely old city. We never thought anybody could, for any reason, make us leave. Then Mr. Hitler came. Germany had demanded that Austria be coupled with Germany because both were German speaking countries, and therefore belonged together. Half of the Viennese were against this, but Germany sent military troops to occupy Vienna and hold rallies. They marched with signs, "One Country, One People, One Leader." All of a sudden everyone was a Nazi and doors were closed to Jews. People were even afraid to talk to Jews. However, we had a neighbor, really a very nice family, who when he met my father on the street, said, "I am so ashamed of what has happened here. Believe me, not everyone is a Nazi." The Austrian Chancellor was against the takeover by Germany, and when the annexation was announced in March 1938, he broadcast, "Gentlemen, God Bless Austria." He was immediately arrested. Once Hitler decided that the Jews had to get out, there was nothing left but to leave. It was not so easy because where could you go? You had to sacrifice everything you had, and you could only take along twelve marks. Hitler would not allow marks to leave Germany. So, we managed. Gerda was the first one to leave, then Kurt. Gerda had worked in Vienna for a Romanian Jewish family who had two sons. He was a wealthy banker. Gerda had to move in with this family the last six months they were all in Vienna. When they were able to leave Austria, they took Gerda along with them. She didn't want to leave without Kurt, but with the quotas it may have taken more than a year to get out of Austria. So she went to Switzerland in May 1938 to be with the family she worked for. Kurt had an established a medical practice in Austria and had a "shingle" on his door. In Vienna at that time doctors had their practices in the apartments in which they lived. He had hung his shingle, had his office and had established himself. Now he had to leave. In order to emigrate to the United States, you needed a quota number. A cousin of mine, who recently died in Paris, was also hunting for possibilities to emigrate. She saw a crowd of people waiting in front of a building and asked why they were there. They said it was the American Consulate and everyone was trying to get a quota number. She was right in front and got one. Then she said to Kurt, "I have no one who can sponsor us. You might go, so take the nun1ber." It was a present from heaven. He was able to leave in the fall of 1938. I knew, at that time, he would have ended up in a concentration camp had he stayed in Vienna. Our family doctor had a daughter who was studying in Switzerland She no longer came home and was scheduled to go to the United States soon. Kurt wrote to her asking if, when she got to America, would �(z-J she ask a cousin of her father' s if he could get some affidavits? She went to that doctor to get help. He still had a sister and her husband in Vienna who also needed affidavits. There was another family he contacted who could also help. They were cousins of our family doctor, but were also our relatives. Their names were Ackermann, but we never knew they existed until then. Kurt had booked passage from Cherbourg in France. He had to pass through Switzerland, then France. Since Gerda was already in Switzerland, he was able to spend two weeks with her. The family she worked for was lovely, and they gave her vacation time and paid for his hotel. Kurt wanted to get married but Switzerland had a three-week waiting period. He got the visa for Switzerland, but I had to go to the French Consulate for a "passing through France visa." The official did not want to give it to me, so I said, "I thought this was a neutral place." He said it was also a Hitler place. I said, "Do you think my brother wants to stay in France now, which Hitler will probably invade pretty soon, when he already has a visa for the States? He only goes through France to get the boat." But the official still made trouble, so I said, "I wish you or your children come to this situation. Did you all learn from Hitler?" He issued the visa. Kurt and Gerda made an agreement that if they didn't hear from each other, then twice every year, if they had the money, they would meet in Paris at a certain church. We went there with them about twenty years ago in 1978. They also showed me the little plane he took from Switzerland to France. Gerda watched and watched as he got smaller and smaller, and she thought she would never see him again. Once Kurt got into this country (USA), all he did was hm1t for sponsors for us. Your sponsor takes responsibility that you will never become a burden to this country. Our cousins in the U. S. were not rich people, but they liked Kurt. Not only did they take him into their home, but they also took care of him and gave him money for us. Immediately, they sent the affidavits and $800 landing money, which was a fortmle at that time. We couldn't emigrate to the U. S. because we needed a quota number. It depended on how many in each year had previously emigrated to America. Russia had a higher number, but Austria was always lower. Since we became "German" after Hitler took over, the number was a little higher because more Germans had emigrated in the past. We managed to get on the list, and the wait was two or three years. There was no way we could stay in Vienna. We found out that there was still open emigration to Trinidad in the West Indies, near Barbados. We needed $250 per person landing money, which would be returned when we left the Island So, finally we could leave. I could buy ship's tickets to Trinidad, leaving from the port of Hamburg. While still in Vienna, I took English lessons twice a week. I went to the home of an English teacher. One night his wife answered the door and she said to me, "Something is cooking and my husband is hiding. You'd better go home. You won't have a lesson today. We have an SS man who used to be our friend, and he told my husband to stay off the street." So I thought, since I'm already out I'll go downtown and see what' s cooking. I went to the city hall to get some information. I was told they couldn' t tell me what, but something was going to happen today. So I came home. That was the infamous night when they burned every synagogue in Germany and Austria. A couple with a baby had come to see our apartment on the previous night. We were told we had to share our apartment with someone else with so many people coming from Germany. The couple said the government sent them. They left saying we would hear from them, but they left no name. After I came home, all of a sudden I heard heavy steps coming up to the third floor. Six men came in; three from Hitler's Gestapo and three from the old police. They asked to talk to Mr. Ackermann. My father was down in the bathroom and I hoped he would stay there. So I asked what they wanted. "The couple that was here yesterday who were supposed to rent a room from you are suspected of being Communists. Give us his name." My father said he didn 't know his name, so they wanted to arrest my father. �The three men from the police were completely different from the Nazis. I said, "Look, we don' t know the name of that person. We never saw him before; we have no connection with him. See these crates here? We are ready to leave." They asked when we were leaving and ifwe had tickets, and I told them we were leaving on the 13 th of January, and I had purchased tickets that day (in November). Then I couldn't find my tickets. The police called the ship company and were told that Miss Ackermann had left her tickets on the counter. Everything was so connected with fear. A hundred things like that happened. You didn't dare go out at night, and when the doorbell rang, you were scared All of this little aggravation cost you a lot. When you think back and talk, it's nothing. They came and took our piano with all the music. We had a big picture on the wall, a collage of all ofmy father 's brothers, sisters and relatives. It was in an expensive frame, which they wanted My father thought it was beautiful, but I thought it was horrible. I told them they could have the frame but please leave us the photos. They meant nothing to them but a lot to us. They took the frame along with other things. My mother had had a brother who was in the first world war. He was six feet tall and a wonderful violinist. His father and brother were also in the war, and he saw his brother killed right before his eyes. He also developed elephantiasis or something like that. So he came back from the war handicapped and sick He was shipped back and forth between the nursing home and the mental institution for about fifteen years, in a ruined life. Before we left we received a bill from the government for twenty-two thousand marks for care given to Richard, my uncle. They told us he was a public burden for so many years that if we planned to leave the country we were responsible for the debt. Proof that this debt was settled had to appear on our passport before we could leave. I gave the official handling this a piece of my mind, "You know that this Richard gave his life for you and your family and all the Germans. He was a twenty-five year old wonderfully gifted man. He and his brother had to go off to fight. His brother was killed, he came back as an invalid, and now you want us to pay for that. What is the matter with you? Did you lose your mind, or what? You want us out and then you give us this bill." So the man finally said o.k We had to have special permission to take any jewelry out of the country. While standing in line to get that permission, I heard people talking. One asked me when I was supposed to leave. I told her in three days. She said that I should forget the jewelry and not leave it at the office with my passport because I would probably never get either one of them back anyway. My father had been a jeweler and we did have some nice rings and things. We went to Hamburg to board the ship. There were eighty people on that German boat. We were required to sign a document that we would never come back to Germany. After sailing for two weeks we came to Barbados in the West Indies. The Captain announced that Trinidad had just closed its port. You have a 'T ' on your passport, and whoever had that " f' could not land I said to him, "You know, I thought had left Germany, but I think it's just like I'm still there." We telegraphed the King of England, and Roosevelt in America, but finally we had to go on because nobody responded. We tried to get to Cuba, but there was no way we could land anywhere. When I bought the ship tickets a man from a German ship company said too me, "Look, you are an intelligent lady, and I want to ask you - everybody is convinced that it would be better without Jews." I said to him, "It' s not that they don 't want Jews, it's that they don' t want beggars. These people have nothing. They didn 't want to be beggars." He said nothing more. The people in Venezuela, which was the next landing, went to the government and pleaded for us to allow us to land Venezuela had been closed for a long time. They pleaded for us for thirty-eight hours, �and said that each Venezuelan family would take two people in their home for at least thirty days. In that time we would have an opportunity to get a visa to another country, maybe Africa or anywhere, just to get off the German boat. When we could wait no longer at Caracas, we headed to Curacao, which was Dutch. All of a sudden the boat circled and returned to a different harbor in Venezuela. When we landed, it was hot, hot- in the 100s to 105, with no air-conditioning. The harbor where we landed was a small one. We were told they would take us to Caracas, which was the capital. We slept one night in Puerto Cabello in a dirty hotel. The rooms were separated by partitions and we could hear everybody in the next room talking. Someone used a chamber pot during the night, and we even heard that. We had mosquito nets that had not been washed No one could understand German or English, only Spanish; and I didn't know Spanish. I showed the maid the dirty pillow and she brought us some pillowcases. I took my slip and put it over the pillow because I didn' t want to touch anything. Of course, I didn't sleep a wink. We boarded the bus in the morning and rode about twelve hours on a non-air-conditioned bus in intense heat, after not sleeping at all. When we came to Caracas, we saw a large fiesta going on. And I thought, "My God, I had completely forgotten that something like this could exist." When we came off the bus I thought I wouldn't be able to face strange people, accept their hospitality, and go in their homes If only I could only lay down on the ground where nobody would speak to me. That's how I felt. There happened to be one couple from Vienna that we knew. They came and offered to take care ofus for thirty days. Their daughter had married a Venezuelan. They thought we were only two people; they didn' t know my sister Elsa was with us, too. So we later changed to a hotel - not really a hotel, but a restaurant with a few rooms. We had to hang our clothes on nails on the walls. The room was between the toilet and the kitchen, and you got the odor from both sides. Everything was so moist, and there was mildew on the walls. We were just so happy to be there that we just ignored all that. I met a couple as I disembarked that owned an import-export business. Her father was a Brazilian ambassador to France. They were looking for a nanny. The mother was a lovely, beautiful woman with two children, a three-year-old boy and a baby girl. There were other girls there, all with cards stating their age. As I was a little older than most, they asked if I could come and stay with them. It was a six to seven hour trip from Caracas on a little train to their home, so I agreed to go. My father and Elsa stayed in Caracas where he immediately got work repairing watches. As soon as I got a work permit I went with those people to take care of the little boy. Wages were so low that they employed two cleaning maids, a cook, a laundress, two nannies and a chauffeur. Elsa had noticed a little knot in her breast while we were still in Vienna. The doctor said it was nothing to worry about and to just go on. In the tropical Venezuelan climate it started to grow quickly and developed a blister. She saw a doctor in Caracas at a specialty clinic for cancer. He said it was malignant and advised her to go to a cooler climate. There was also a professor from Berlin who was very good. He was not permitted to work in the office in Caracas, but he could consult. We went to him, and I don't know whether he was not a good doctor or was just against us. He took a biopsy and said it was not malignant, but it was obvious that it was. My father was so happy; he wanted to believe that it was o.k By this time two of us could leave for America. I thought it would be better if I went because Elsa was already hard of hearing at that time and I could make a living. I left with a very heavy heart. I knew Elsa was sick; she could have come with me but I didn't want to leave my father alone. And I didn't know how much longer they would have to wait before joining me. They came to America in a year. Elsa had to go to Ellis Island, not because of the sickness, but because she had been married and had had a passport years earlier which had expired. It had been overlooked in Vienna. She was sent to Ellis Island in November. It was cold and she started coughing. �I had gotten a job in Louisville at Clara Hats. It wasn't a very good job, but eighteen dollars a week was good money. I needed to go to New York and asked if I would still have my job when I returned, and the employer said it would be no problem. I went to New York for six weeks. Meanwhile, my father had landed and come to the house on Sherwood, along with my brother Kurt and Charles and Anna Pokorny, Gerda's brother and mother. I remember when we were looking for a place to live and came to your house (Carolyn and Virginia Jones '). Your mother and I liked each other so much. She was lovely to us. We learned a lot of language and habits of the American way of life, you know. When we first came, Carolyn was there and your mother said, "I have another one just like that (they were eight and ten years old)." When our crates came, you both stood there and looked - just dishes and nothing - but you were so excited. The pillows were huge, you thought. Years later when you went to your teen dances every Friday, you would come to us and show us how you looked, and I really liked that. I can remember those things in detail, but if you asked me what happened yesterday, I can' t remember. We had a hearing for Elsa in Ellis Island and I had to post a $1000 bond, so we had to find a thousand dollars. A cousin took me to a movie that evening and a $1000 bond was advertised. I didn't know there were such places where you could buy a bond, so we got it. After Elsa came to Louisville, she was sick and spent all of her time in bed. She had surgery at the old Jewish Hospital. The lab report came back showing the cancer had spread, so three days later they operated again. She was thirty-six at the time. Kurt came and gave her his blood in a transfusion. She said to me that it must be cancer because they operated the second time. At that time they tried to keep the truth from the patient, and we tried to talk her out of it. She started to lose weight. She was weight conscious because she had always been heavy, so she was pleased to be slender. She was to have a birthday and we decided to give her a big birthday so she would think she did not have cancer. We would never have spent that much money if she were not going to live. Everything at that time was so cheap that we bought her a pair of shoes, a dress and two slips. Elsa said, "I really thought I had cancer, but now I don't, because you spent all that money." Elsa had a horrible death. She couldn' t breathe. It was in her lungs and I was supposed to give her morphine shots. We didn't tell my father that she had cancer, so he didn 't let me give her the shots because it would make an addict of her. At that time, syringes had to be boiled. I had to do that secretly. She begged to please give her a shot, so secretly I gave her two to three shots a day. When Kurt came to the United States he worked in St. Louis for a year at a mental hospital. It was not for him but the pay was good, and he needed that. He and Gerda were married by that time. From there he got a residency at the old Jewish Hospital in Louisville. After that year he went to Chicago. He trained at eye institutes in Chicago and New York before he was taken into the Army. In the Army, he first went to Indianapolis, then Ft. Worth, Texas, and next to Louisiana. After a fourteen-day furlough he was shipped to the west coast, first to Washington, then to California. California would have been a paradise if it had not been for the war. Orders came for him to go to the Pacific, and all of his underwear had to be dyed khaki. Every day when Gerda said goodbye, she thought she might never see him again. Fortunately, the war ended before his unit was shipped out. After his discharge from the Army, he took his board exams for the United States and set up his Ophthalmology practice in Louisville. The cousin who gave Kurt her quota number to enter the United States left Austria and entered France illegally. What they went through! They were running with German airplanes after them. They hid in a farmer's house. She had a boy who could never go to school there. The Germans started taking the Jews in France to German concentration camps after France collapsed. They were not taking women who were pregnant so she became pregnant and survived. �After the war each person in the United States could send a five-pound package overseas once a week. I already had a millinery store established in Louisville, so we sent five packages a week. Your mother let me use her name. We also used my stepmother Rosa's, my father's, my husband Emil's and mine. Each sent a package. Once she received a package with "GIFT" on it. In German that means "poison," so that package she didn't eat. She later told us that the packages we sent kept them alive. About thirty years ago (about 1969), the boy came to see us in the United States. Trude operated a millinery store on Bardstown Road in Louisville. She later joined her husband, Emil Breiner, in his dry-goods business. Mr. Ackermann repaired watches until his death, at which time his second wife, Rosa, returned to Toledo to be close to her family. Gerda assisted Kurt in his successful practice of ophthalmology until their retirement. Michael Ackermann died on February 3, 1948; Emil Breiner on July 7, 1998; Kurt Ackermann on December 13, 1998; and Trude Breiner on September 29, 1999. MS Word/Personal Documents/Breiner.Doc � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Holocaust and the Ohio Valley, 1920, 1933-1990s Description An account of the resource This collection consists of documents and photographs related to Jewish experiences in the Holocaust and World War II, Jewish American efforts to support refugees, and historical memory of the Holocaust in Kentucky and Southern Indiana. This digitization project is in partnership with the Louisville Ballet's <em><a href="https://www.louisvilleballet.org/a-time-remembered/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A Time Remembered</a> </em>performance, which marks the 80th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau. <div><br />Holocaust-era family documents center on the Wolff, Levy, and Ackermann families who escaped to the United States from France and Austria, and ultimately settled in Louisville. Passports provide photographs of the family members and track their movements through countries. Letters document their efforts to navigate the administrative barriers to passage, and the tragic fate of relatives who were not approved to leave.<br /><br />Records from the National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section document the organization's activist work in fundraising for and directly serving refugees in the city, and political organizing around national immigration policies and economic boycotts of German-made goods. The collection includes sample correspondence from national organizations and individuals who supported and were against Zionism in response to the violent antisemitism of the Holocaust. <br /><br />The final items in the collection document Holocaust memorial events in the 1990s. Invitations, photographs, scripts, press releases, and articles represent the memorialization work of the Jewish Community Center, Jewish Community Federation of Louisville, <span>Louisville Ballet, Louisville Orchestra, and other  organizations.</span></div> <br />This project was generously supported by the Jewish Heritage Fund.<br /><br /><a href="https://jewishheritagefund.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img src="https://jewishheritagefund.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" alt="jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" width="306" height="58" /></a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1920, 1933-1990s Type The nature or genre of the resource Collection Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document From Vienna to Louisville, 1938 - 1940 By Gertrude ("Trude") Breiner as told to Carolyn Moyse and Virginia Wilson, daughters of Florence B. Jones, who was the owner of the house at 2063 Sherwood A venue, Louisville, Kentucky, where the Breiner family lived for over twenty years after arriving in Louisville from Vienna. July, 1999 Thefamily: MichaelAckermann,father; ElsaAckermann, daughter; Kurt Ackermann, son; Gerda Pokorny, fiancee of Kurt Ackermann; Gertrude (['rude) Ackermann, daughter. The story: As told by Trude We were born and raised in Vienna, Austria. It was a lovely old city. We never thought anybody could, for any reason, make us leave. Then Mr . Hitler came. Germany had demanded that Austria be coupled with Germany because both were German speaking countries, and therefore belonged together. Half of the Viennese were against this, but Germany sent military troops to occupy Vienna and hold rallies. They marched with signs, "One Country, One People, One Leader." All of a sudden everyone was a Nazi and doors were closed to Jews. People were even afraid to talk to Jews. However, we had a neighbor, really a very nice family, who when he met my father on the street, said, "I am so ashamed of what has happened here. Believe me, not everyone is a Nazi." The Austrian Chancellor was against the takeover by Germany, and when the annexation was announced in March 1938, he broadcast, "Gentlemen, God Bless Austria." He was immediately arrested. Once Hitler decided that the Jews had to get out, there was nothing left but to leave. It was not so easy because where could you go? You had to sacrifice everything you had, and you could only take along twelve marks. Hitler would not allow marks to leave Germany. So, we managed. Gerda was the first one to leave, then Kurt. Gerda had worked in Vienna for a Romanian Jewish family who had two sons. He was a wealthy banker. Gerda had to move in with this family the last six months they were all in Vienna. When they were able to leave Austria, they took Gerda along with them. She didn't want to leave without Kurt, but with the quotas it may have taken more than a year to get out ofAustria. So she went to Switzerland in May 1938 to be with the family she worked for. Kurt had an established a medical practice in Austria and had a "shingle" on his door. In Vienna at that time doctors had their practices in the apartments in which they lived. He had hung his shingle, had his office and had established himself. Now he had to leave. In order to emigrate to the United States, you needed a quota number. A cousin of mine, who recently died in Paris, was also hunting for possibilities to emigrate. She saw a crowd of people waiting in front of a building and asked why they were there. They said it was the American Consulate and everyone was trying to get a quota number. She was right in front and got one. Then she said to Kurt, "I have no one who can sponsor us. You might go, so take the nun1ber ." It was a present from heaven. He was able to leave in the fall of 1938. I knew, at that time, he would have ended up in a concentration camp had he stayed in Vienna. Our family doctor had a daughter who was studying in Switzerland She no longer came home and was scheduled to go to the United States soon. Kurt wrote to her asking if , when she got to America, would [,J she ask a cousin of her father' s if he could get some affidavits? She went to that doctor to get help. He still had a sister and her husband in Vienna who also needed affidavits. There was another family he contacted who could also help. They were cousins of our family doctor, but were also our relativ es. Their names were Ackermann, but we never knew they existed until then. Kurt had booked passage from Cherbourg in France. He had to pass through Switzerland, then France. Since Gerda was already in Switzerland, he was able to spend two weeks with her. The family she worked for was lovely, and they gave her vacation time and paid for his hotel. Kurt wanted to get married but Switzerland had a three-week waiting period. He got the visa for Switzerland, but I had to go to the French Consulate for a "passing through France visa." The official did not want to give it to me, so I said, "I thought this was a neutral place." He said it was also a Hitler place. I said, "Do you think my brother wants to stay in France now, which Hitler will probably invade pretty soon, when he already has a visa for the States? He only goes through France to get the boat." But the official still made trouble, so I said, "I wish you or your children come to this situation. Did you all learn from Hitler?" He issued the visa. Kurt and Gerda made an agreement that if they didn't hear from each other, then twice every year, if they had the money, they would meet in Paris at a certain church. We went there with them about twenty years ago in 1978. They also showed me the little plane he took from Switzerland to France. Gerda watched and watched as he got smaller and smaller, and she thought she would nev er see him again. Once Kurt got into this country (USA), all he did was hm1t for sponsors for us. Your sponsor takes responsibility that you will never become a burden to this country. Our cousins in the U. S. were not rich people, but they liked Kurt. Not only did they take him into their home, but they also took care of him and gave him money for us. Immediately, they sent the affidavits and $800 landing money, which was a fortmle at that time. We couldn't emigrate to the U. S. because we needed a quota number. It depended on how many in each year had previously emigrated to America. Russia had a higher number, but Austria was always lower. Since we became "German" after Hitler took over, the number was a little higher because more Germans had emigrated in the past. We managed to get on the list, and the wait was two or three years. There was no way we could stay in Vienna. We found out that there was still open emigration to Trinidad in the West Indies, near Barbados. We needed $250 per person landing money, which would be returned when we left the Island So, finally we could leave. I could buy ship's tickets to Trinidad, leaving from the port of Hamburg. While still in Vienna, I took English lessons twice a week. I went to the home of an English teacher. One night his wife answered the door and she said to me, "Something is cooking and my husband is hiding. You'd better go home. You won't have a lesson today. We have an SS man who used to be our friend, and he told my husband to stay off the street." So I thought, since I'm already out I'll go downtown and see what' s cooking. I went to the city hall to get some information. I was told they couldn't tell me what, but something was going to happen today. So I came home. That was the infamous night when they burned every synagogue in Germany and Austria. A couple with a baby had come to see our apartment on the previous night. We were told we had to share our apartment with someone else with so many people coming from Germany. The couple said the government sent them. They left saying we would hear from them, but they left no name. After I came home, all of a sudden I heard heavy steps coming up to the third floor. Six men came in; three from Hitler's Gestapo and three from the old police. They asked to talk to Mr . Ackermann. My father was down in the bathroom and I hoped he would stay there. So I asked what they wanted. "The couple that was here yesterday who were supposed to rent a room from you are suspected of being Communists. Give us his name." My father said he didn 't know his name, so they wanted to arrest my father. (z-J The three men from the police were completely different from the Nazis. I said, "Look, we don't know the name of that person. We never saw him before; we have no connection with him. See these crates here? We are ready to leave." They asked when we were leaving and ifwe had tickets, and I told them we were leaving on the 13 th of January, and I had purchased tickets that day (in November). Then I couldn't find my tickets. The police called the ship company and were told that Miss Ackermann had left her tickets on the counter. Everything was so connected with fear. A hundred things like that happened. You didn't dare go out at night, and when the doorbell rang, you were scared All of this little aggravation cost you a lot. When you think back and talk, it's nothing. They came and took our piano with all the music. We had a big picture on the wall, a collage of all ofmy father 's brothers, sisters and relatives. It was in an expensive frame, which they wanted My father thought it was beautiful, but I thought it was horrible. I told them they could have the frame but please leave us the photos. They meant nothing to them but a lot to us. They took the frame along with other things. My mother had had a brother who was in the first world war. He was six feet tall and a wonderful violinist. His father and brother were also in the war, and he saw his brother killed right before his eyes. He also developed elephantiasis or something like that. So he came back from the war handicapped and sickHe was shipped back and forth between the nursing home and the mental institution for about fifteen years, in a ruined life. Before we left we received a bill from the government for twenty-two thousand marks for care given to Richard, my uncle. They told us he was a public burden for so many years that if we planned to leave the country we were responsible for the debt. Proof that this debt was settled had to appear on our passport before we could leave. I gave the official handling this a piece of my mind, "You know that this Richard gave his life for you and your family and all the Germans. He was a twenty-five year old wonderfully gifted man. He and his brother had to go off to fight. His brother was killed, he came back as an invalid, and now you want us to pay for that. What is the matter with you? Did you lose your mind, or what? You want us out and then you give us this bill." So the man finally said o.k We had to have special permission to take any jewelry out of the country. While standing in line to get that permission, I heard people talking. One asked me when I was supposed to leave. I told her in three days. She said that I should forget the jewelry and not leave it at the office with my passport because I would probably never get either one of them back anyway. My father had been a jeweler and we did have some nice rings and things. We went to Hamburg to board the ship. There were eighty people on that German boat. We were required to sign a document that we would never come back to Germany. After sailing for two weeks we came to Barbados in the West Indies. The Captain announced that Trinidad had just closed its port . You have a 'T ' on your passport, and whoever had that " f' could not land I said to him, "You know, I thought had left Germany, but I think it's just like I'm still there." We telegraphed the King of England, and Roosevelt in America, but finally we had to go on because nobody responded. We tried to get to Cuba, but there was no way we could land anywhere. When I bought the ship tickets a man from a German ship company said too me, "Look, you are an intelligent lady, and I want to ask you - everybody is convinced that it would be better without Jews." I said to him, "It' s not that they don 't want Jews, it's that they don't want beggars. These people have nothing. They didn 't want to be beggars ." He said nothing more. The people in Venezuela, which was the next landing, went to the government and pleaded for us to allow us to land Venezuela had been closed for a long time. They pleaded for us for thirty-eight hours, and said that each Venezuelan family would take two people in their home for at least thirty days. In that time we would have an opportunity to get a visa to another country, maybe Africa or anywhere, just to get off the German boat. When we could wait no longer at Caracas, we headed to Curacao, which was Dutch. All of a sudden the boat circled and returned to a different harbor in Venezuela. When we landed, it was hot, hot- in the 100s to 105, with no air-conditioning. The harbor where we landed was a small one. We were told they would take us to Caracas, which was the capital. We slept one night in Puerto Cabello in a dirty hotel. The rooms were separated by partitions and we could hear everybody in the next room talking. Someone used a chamber pot during the night, and we even heard that. We had mosquito nets that had not been washed No one could understand German or English, only Spanish; and I didn't know Spanish. I showed the maid the dirty pillow and she brought us some pillowcases. I took my slip and put it over the pillow because I didn't want to touch anything. Of course, I didn't sleep a wink. We boarded the bus in the morning and rode about twelve hours on a non-air-conditioned bus in intense heat, after not sleeping at all. When we came to Caracas, we saw a large fiesta going on. And I thought, "My God, I had completely forgotten that something like this could exist." When we came off the bus I thought I wouldn't be able to face strange people, accept their hospitality, and go in their homes If only I could only lay down on the ground where nobody would speak to me. That's how I felt. There happened to be one couple from Vienna that we knew. They came and offered to take care ofus for thirty days. Their daughter had married a Venezuelan. They thought we were only two people; they didn't know my sister Elsa was with us, too. So we later changed to a hotel - not really a hotel, but a restaurant with a few rooms. We had to hang our clothes on nails on the walls. The room was between the toilet and the kitchen, and you got the odor from both sides. Everything was so moist, and there was mildew on the walls. We were just so happy to be there that we just ignored all that. I met a couple as I disembarked that owned an import-export business. Her father was a Brazilian ambassador to France. They were looking for a nann y. The mother was a lovely, beautiful woman with two children, a three-year-old boy and a baby girl. There were other girls there, all with cards stating their age. As I was a little older than most, they asked if I could come and stay with them. It was a six to seven hour trip from Caracas on a little train to their home, so I agreed to go. My father and Elsa stayed in Caracas where he immediately got work repairing watches. As soon as I got a work permit I went with those people to take care of the little boy. Wages were so low that they employed two cleaning maids, a cook, a laundress, two nannies and a chauffeur. Elsa had noticed a little knot in her breast while we were still in Vienna. The doctor said it was nothing to worry about and to just go on. In the tropical Venezuelan climate it started to grow quickly and developed a blister. She saw a doctor in Caracas at a specialty clinic for cancer. He said it was malignant and advised her to go to a cooler climate. There was also a professor from Berlin who was very good. He was not permitted to work in the office in Caracas, but he could consult. We went to him, and I don't know whether he was not a good doctor or was just against us. He took a biopsy and said it was not malignant, but it was obvious that it was. My father was so happy; he wanted to believe that it was o.k By this time two of us could leave for America. I thought it would be better if I went because Elsa was already hard of hearing at that time and I could make a living. I left with a very heavy heart. I knew Elsa was sick; she could have come with me but I didn't want to leave my father alone. And I didn't know how much longer they would have to wait before joining me. They came to America in a year. Elsa had to go to Ellis Island, not because of the sickness, but because she had been married and had had a passport years earlier which had expired. It had been overlooked in Vienna. She was sent to Ellis Island in November. It was cold and she started coughing. I had gotten a job in Louisville at Clara Hats. It wasn't a very good job, but eighteen dollars a week was good money. I needed to go to New York and asked if I would still have my job when I returned, and the employer said it would be no problem. I went to New York for six weeks. Meanwhile, my father had landed and come to the house on Sherwood, along with my brother Kurt and Charles and Anna Pokorny, Gerda's brother and mother. I remember when we were looking for a place to live and came to your house (Carolyn and Virginia Jones '). Your mother and I liked each other so much. She was lovely to us. We learned a lot of language and habits of the American way of life, you know. When we first came, Carolyn was there and your mother said, "I have another one just like that (they were eight and ten years old)." When our crates came, you both stood there and looked - just dishes and nothing - but you were so excited. The pillows were huge, you thought. Years later when you went to your teen dances every Friday, you would come to us and show us how you looked, and I really liked that. I can remember those things in detail, but if you asked me what happened yesterday, I can't remember. We had a hearing for Elsa in Ellis Island and I had to post a $1000 bond, so we had to find a thousand dollars. A cousin took me to a movie that evening and a $1000 bond was advertised. I didn't know there were such places where you could buy a bond, so we got it. After Elsa came to Louisville, she was sick and spent all of her time in bed. She had surgery at the old Jewish Hospital. The lab report came back showing the cancer had spread, so three days later they operated again. She was thirty-six at the time. Kurt came and gave her his blood in a transfusion. She said to me that it must be cancer because they operated the second time. At that time they tried to keep the truth from the patient, and we tried to talk her out of it. She started to lose weight. She was weight conscious because she had always been heavy, so she was pleased to be slender. She was to have a birthday and we decided to give her a big birthday so she would think she did not have cancer. We would never have spent that much money if she were not going to live. Everything at that time was so cheap that we bought her a pair of shoes, a dress and two slips. Elsa said, "I really thought I had cancer, but now I don't, because you spent all that money." Elsa had a horrible death. She couldn't breathe. It was in her lungs and I was supposed to give her morphine shots. We didn't tell my father that she had cancer, so he didn 't let me give her the shots because it would make an addict of her. At that time, syringes had to be boiled. I had to do that secretly. She begged to please give her a shot, so secretly I gave her two to three shots a day. When Kurt came to the United States he worked in St. Louis for a year at a mental hospital. It was not for him but the pay was good, and he needed that. He and Gerda were married by that time. From there he got a residency at the old Jewish Hospital in Louisville. After that year he went to Chicago. He trained at eye institutes in Chicago and New York before he was taken into the Army. In the Army, he first went to Indianapolis, then Ft. Worth, Texas, and next to Louisiana. After a fourteen-day furlough he was shipped to the west coast, first to Washington, then to California. California would have been a paradise if it had not been for the war. Orders came for him to go to the Pacific, and all of his underwear had to be dyed khaki. Every day when Gerda said goodbye, she thought she might never see him again. Fortunately, the war ended before his unit was shipped out. After his discharge from the Army, he took his board exams for the United States and set up his Ophthalmology practice in Louisville. The cousin who gave Kurt her quota number to enter the United States left Austria and entered France illegally. What they went through! They were running with German airplanes after them. They hid in a farmer's house. She had a boy who could never go to school there. The Germans started taking the Jews in France to German concentration camps after France collapsed. They were not taking women who were pregnant so she became pregnant and survived. After the war each person in the United States could send a five-pound package overseas once a week. I already had a millinery store established in Louisville, so we sent five packages a week. Your mother let me use her name. We also used my stepmother Rosa's, my father's, my husband Emil's and mine. Each sent a package. Once she received a package with "GIFT" on it. In German that means "poison," so that package she didn't eat. She later told us that the packages we sent kept them alive. About thirty years ago (about 1969), the boy came to see us in the United States. Trude operated a millinery store on Bardstown Road in Louisville. She later joined her husband, Emil Breiner, in his dry-goods business. Mr. Ackermann repaired watches until his death, at which time his second wife, Rosa, returned to Toledo to be close to her family. Gerda assisted Kurt in his successful practice of ophthalmology until their retirement. Michael Ackermann died on February 3, 1948; Emil Breiner on July 7, 199 8; Kurt Acke rmann on December 13, 1998; and Trude Breiner on September 29, 1999. MS Word/Personal Documents/Breiner.Doc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Mss. A CA Ackermann Breiner Title A name given to the resource From Vienna to Louisville, 1938-1940 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Breiner, Gertrude "Trude," 1906-1999 Moyse, Carolyn Wilson, Virginia Description An account of the resource Six-page narrative of Trude Ackermann Breiner as told to Carolyn Moyse and Virginia Wilson. The story covers the Ackermann and Pokorny families's experiences in Vienna, Austria, during World War II and their efforts to navigate the immigration process to the United States. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1999-07 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century 1930s 1940s 1990s Subject The topic of the resource Breiner, Gertrude "Trude," 1906-1999 Ackermann, Dr. Kurt, 1910-1998 Ackermann, Gerda Pokorny, 1910-2008Jews Jewish women Women Kentucky--Louisville Kentucky--Jefferson County Louisville (Ky.) Immigrants Emigration and immigration Jewish refugees Refugees Austrians World War, 1939-1945 Kristallnacht (1938) Cancer Physicians Jewish Holocaust (1939-1945) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource memoir 6 pages Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Mss. A CA Ackermann Breiner, Ackermann family papers, The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. for other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Property rights in the collection belong to The Filson Historical Society. The Filson Historical Society can provide high-resolution scans of original source materials from its holdings for non-commercial and commercial use. To learn about this process, visit https://Filsonhistorical.org/collections/order-reproductions/ https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/34455/archive/files/3cf3612bf17139621d0c0f6f61659376.pdf?Expires=1779321600&Signature=JzsiLtfYlfzeAJynd1TjBz6A3kvB-dGr3kUw%7EXN1ORRoussZtflm1XTCQR0c2tjgwpSQ1uDJXz%7ETEZyARL2YEg27YkcRRGESpm0epxAPTdqEjyW3mLodMJwgsoxhCsiE3q-Ic36JzRE0G6HT4AqEVVNjPoJQUcmOZY4wAi0y9qUwtK-M3UyclUiXmZH3gVuF2ulv6hlZ4IMd7Xr%7EPm7FwznxtTtuoVWxEdqCOesTEY7f9s9d%7EOq4S-ECQOcXYklt5FSKXd5jd8m5h4HKsyI4eGJ5oSwFhNe6b9yVFILeNHdIF%7E1Qits2iZLIKO7iBNSYESuwHUYZSL-AlfSwD2p6sQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 96d2a50f799ccea960145bd34839e8f5 PDF Text Text Re port of the Nursery School - February, 1941 The purposes of too Nursery School, as operated at the Jewish Children's Home , 1135 South 1st Street, by the Joint Connnittee of the Council of Jewish omen, and the Jewish Welfare Federation, are based on the latest developments in the knowledge of children, and their needs . It bas been said that the foundation of personality is already firmly established by the time tba child reaches primary school age . Assuming this to be only partially true, the importance , of providing suitable opportunities for personal growth for children under the age of 6 is obvious . Public School systems thru Kinder- gartens accept children from the age of 5 and some few have lowered this to include children of 4 because of falling enrollments . However, generally speaking, the public schools have not yet acc~pted the obligation of providing adequately supervised learning opportunities for children 2½ to 5 years of age . As in the case of tbe development of public schools for older children, the values to be derived probably will have to be demons t rated by private schools for a considerable time . The modern nursery school is a combination nursery and school as tbs name implies. It offers the child the good physical care of the good old-style day nursery, plus the opportunities for learning , social adjustment, creative experience, and personality gro~~h. Play is the child ' s work . It is thru supervised play that the child is helped to establish basic habits of work, friendliness , order, etc; that is, is helped to develop his own abilities in relation to other people . The teacher of this type of school must ba.ve special skills . Increasing tre confidence of the child in his own ability and at the same time developing the ability to cooperate constructively with other children is no easy task. The teacher helps the de - velopment of routine habits such as washi ng , eating, sleeping , �- 2 - toilet habits which should be performed with a minimum of attention . Conventional habits of courtesy are taken as a matter of course, and soon are adopted by the children who learn more by example than by being told what to do. uentering attention on The teacher uses her knowledge of children, worthwhile behavior, ignoring negative be- havior, using authority only when necessary in cases of anti-social behavior, disturbing the group or other children, or when children are in danger and above all remaining ca lm and collected under all situations no matter how trying they might be (for that is how the child learns that calnmess is more effective than anger . ) At the risk of boring you, this brief background of nursery school principles has been recited in order to emphasize that the most important function of too nursery school is what it does for the child as well as the release of the mother for other activities such as work, social opportunities, and physical betterment . Some parents cannot afford tm tuition of expensive private nursery schools and do not want to use second-rate cheaper schools operated on nonprogressive and non-constructive lines. Of course, many, if not most, parents still set public school entrance age as the time to send children to school. Because of this parents themselves are reluctant to use exi sting facilities for younger children, particularly if it means inconvenience in terms of taking the child to school and bringing him home . We have found that in the instances where the child most needed the experience provided at the school, the parents were least aware of this need, and in some cases antagonistic to the idea. parents is an important part of the work of slow process . Education of the the school. This is a Mother's meetings now being held regularly is one step in thi s direction; another consists of individual conferences with mothers and fathers . Actual demonstration of the school is the most successful means of teaching what it accomplishes with �- 3 childre n. All are encour aged to visit and see it in operat ion . As sone of you know, tm school was started as a result of an initia l letter sent to the Jewish Welfare Federa tion by the fore sighted and connnun ity- niinded Americ anizati on Commi ttee of the Louisv ille Sectio n of the Nation al Counci l of Jewish ~,omen , Chair.:A -- man , Mrs . Selma Kling , and Vice-C hairma n, Mrs . Kather ine Bottig he i mer . This letter reads in part, 0 I t has been brough t to the attenti on of the Americ anizati on commit tee ••• that a distin ct need bas arisen for a nurser y school to serve section s of the city ' s popula tion in which the Counci l has a natura l intere st . school would serve : This 1 . Pre-sch ool childre n living in the South- Centra l part of the c ty to whom other nurser y schools are not availab le . 2. Childr en whom social worker s have recommended and who are not being cared for by any other nurser y school . 3 . Immigr ant childre n of pre - school age who will use the school in learnin g Englis h and genera l orient ation. • • • • There is availab le a trained nurser y school teache r whom the Counci l is willing to sponso r in the establ sbment of the above describ ed school if the Jewish Welfar e Federa tion sees fit to accede to the f ollowin g reques t : That the Counci l of Jewish Women be permit ted to use the facilit ies of the playroo m, small dining room, lavato ry and outdoo r playgro und with equipm ent of the Jev1ish Childr en's Home . The 8ounci l expect s to meet any additio nal expens e incurre d in the prepar ation of lunche s for tm childre n plus a per capita sum to the Home to cover the cost of food • • • • • The locatio n of the HonB and the facili ties afford ed are so ideal and invest igation has r evealed an urgent and increa sing need in this community for this type of service . We believe that vrith your co- �- 4 operation a l"eal service can be rende l:'ed the connnunity • •• " This letter is truly worthy of the fine tl"adition s of social service developed by the Louisvill e Section r£ tbe National Council of Jewish Women . The willingne ss to pioneer in a com- paratively new field cannot be praised too highly. Continued negotiatio ns between the Council and Federatio n led to establishm ent of a Joint Committee to operate the Nursery School with the agreement that the Federatio n would provide tbe space and general facilities arrl the Council would meet any expenses in excess of the tuition fees. The initial nursery school equipment was to be furnished by the Council . On February 5 , 1940, the Nursery School was opened with brave hopes for the future . really too soon to tell . tremendou sly. Hgve these hopes become realities? It is We know we have helped individua l children In our opinion, this makes the school worthwhil e . We know we ba.ve helped some mothers to undel:'stan d better the needs of their children . Working mothers have been relieved of worry about theil" children' s care . We have helped children shy and uncertain when they entered school to become confident and self-asse rtive . We have helped children to learn to get along with other children, to engage in cooperativ e undertaki ngs, to eat properly, to dress themselve s, to use their abilities in c r eative experienc e in painting, clay modeling, block buil ing, music and rhythm, to speak English. The school is open from 9 to 2 :30 daily from Monday thru Friday. The children play and work indoors and outdoors , rest , have fruit juice an:l cod liver oi l , listen to music and rhythms, tell stories , have discussion s , eat lunch arrl have a two hour nap, milk and crackers and dress themselve s to go home . is followed carefully . Each child's developme nt Children have and use their own clothes cupboard am shelf for pe:rsonal belonging s such as cup and comb. �A tuition fee of $1 . 75 per week was charged the first semester from February to June. There was no school during the SUil1Iller . Since September 9, when too 2nd semester started, a tuition fee of $2 . 00 per week ms been charged. Originally it was thought tba.t a maximum at- tendance of 10 children daily was all that could be accommodated . After the schoo+ had been in existence several months, the Connnittee then decided that tbs attendance should be enlarged to 15, for with adequate space ar.d facilities it seemed that more children should be given the opportunity to benefit from this training . maximum attendance ms not been attained . As yet this we believe that the school is still in a period of development and tbat success with thEfhildren we have will bring new enrollments . in a few instances. This has already been demonstrated Tentative applications have been made for several children when they reach the Nursery School age. transportatio n is a difficult one . The problem of Children in other neighborhood s would come if transportatio n could be arranged. The committee is still working for a solution of this problem. From February to June 1940, there was an enrollment of 18 different children who c ame for varying lengths of time. From September thl'u December, 16 different children were enrolled. The major reasons for the enrollment in the spring semester were as follows {some children are listed under two reasons) Social and personality adjustment - 12 {This means the parents wanted the children to learn personal habits, play with other children, etc.) Poor neighborhood and playmates - 2 Speak English - 3 Working mother - 8 Health problem - 3 In the fall semester these were as follows: Social and personality adjustment - 7 �- 6 - Poor neighborhood and playmates - 2 Working mother - 6 Health problem - 2 Children who left school, did so for the following reasons: Entering 1st grade public school - 1 Entering kindergarten - 4 Lack of transportation - 3 Temporary enrollment due to illness of parents - 2 Each instance in which we have helped children is. a separate story. A few will serve to illustrate : J . entered school at the age of 4 in February, 1940 . Her mother, who has been very cooperative in carrying out plans for J . helped in the family store . The neighborhood in which the family lived was chiefly colored. When J . first came to school, she was shy and had a strong feeling of insecurity. She had trouble dressing herself , refused to talk with people she did not know well, was a feeding and sleeping problem at home . She now has lost most of her shyness, eats well , sleeps better and takes care of herself completely. She is much more sure of herself and is ready to start in kindergarten. This case is typical of several others, shy, uncertain, ill-at-ease , with feelings of inferiority who have been helped considerably at school . A scholarship case is R. who entered school for a short tim in May and then returned this fall . standards. R. is 3½- years old , from a home of poor He had no playmates and no possibility for outdoor play when first admitted. Since then the family have moved to better quarters . R. is a very nervous overactive child , very rough in his behavior. At home he has no restrictions and practically all the timeo gets his own way His mother is lazy and does not want to be bothered carrying out any plans for him. Until transportation thru a friend was arranged, she did not bothar to send him even tho be was very anxious to go and she was anxious to have him go . R. needed to �- 7 learn how to get along with other children , presenting numerous pro- blems of social adjustment and cooperation. ·jumping from one thing to anothel:'. He was very flighty , He is now much quieter and able to stick to one thing for a longer period of time . He still needs close supervision as he easily hurts himself and others. without help at this time, he would present a serious problem by the time he got to public school. Several of the children present this type of problem. Their best help can come at this early age . The cases of most interest to the Council are, of course, those of the refugee children attending the school . c. a 4 year old boy attended school in February as a scholarship case shortly after his arrival in this country. leader and well adjusted child . and American ways . He was a natural He needed help in learning English He learned in an amazingly quick period of time and now attends kindergarten where he is doing extremely well . K. is a 3 year old scholarship girl who entered school in February, 1940. She was a baby in every respect when she started school baving been accepted at too earliest admiss~on age. She would not eat un- less fed by someone, she could not dress herself, she spoke no English and practically none was spoken at home . Now she She was shy and timid . takes care of herself completely , feeds herself , dresses her- self, speaks English, ms a mind of her own, assumes responsibilities , and can be considered a normal happy 3 year old . M. is now a 4 year old child who entered school in February, 1940. She was otll' most serious !ll'Oblem at the time of her admission. She and her family have been thru some rather terrifying experiences and the effects on her were particularly marked. frightened , insecur e and unsure of herself . to doing anything by or for herself . She was extremely She was not accustomed She refused to talk ( even in German) am would lie on the floor or stand in the co:rner for an �- 8 - entire morning . She was afraid of other children . slightest protest she would pennit other children away f !'om her . 7fithout the to take things If another child so much as looked in her direction , she ro uld s brink and hide in a co rner . plays by herself a good deal . Now she is still quiet and However, she plays with other children occasiona lly, arrl enjoys it . She builds very well and likes to tell tbe other children what s he has built (which is part of the school program); sbe tolls stories at story time, telling about her summer vacation, things at home , and sometimes mentions the country f r om which she came . She speaks English well . would consider her a good pup i l who gets along well . We we believe the scbool has saved her from many serious personali ty difficult ies . These cases are enough to illustrate the work of the school and its beneficia l effects . In addition, the teacher at the . School is a German refugee who obtained kindergar ten training in Germany and additiona l nursery school training in this country. We feel that the provision of employmen t for b.Gr tbru the establishm ent of the Nursery school is in line with the aims of the Council in relation to work with New Americans . This fine work of t he school bas cost the Council to January 1st, 1941 as f ollows: $107 . 00 approxima tely for capital outlay to get the school started . This includes all major equipment not at the Home orig inally, and will not have to be replaced . lf, ;{$ 63 . 55 scholarsh ips February to June scholarsh ips September to .J~l:la-r., ~ ,....,,~-·~" Scholarsh ips i 54-.41 0 4~ •.9& Operating deficit of school to ~fiQ~-...a. ir ~ ... / · , A~.;5$~ Total cost to Council of school to J_anu,ap 1st in excess ·1 of original capital outlay. C) _ .-00. I l}t,S~ ~ . - - A present the operating expenses of the school are per week : Salary of teacher •••••••••• ••••••••o $12. 50 N.Y.A. girl carfare ••••••••• •••••••• 1. 00 (approxim ately) �- 9 - Food@ 10¢ a meal ••••••••••••• ••••••• $ 6 . 00 (approximate ly) Incidentals •••••• ••• ••••••••••••• •••• . 50 $2o.W These figures would vary according to the number of children at tend ing school and obtaining meals . 20 Figuring approximatel y two wee k semesters, the budget for the school for this period would be apprad.mately $800.00. We are asking the Council for a definite allocation of $100. 00 for each of these two semesters which will total $ 200 . 00 to carry the Nursery School to February , 1942 . remainder will be provided by the tuition at the School. The The money allocated by the Council will be used to provide scholarships for children who other-wise could not attend the school . Preference for scholarships , as in the past , will be given to refugee children. Report submitted by JffiINm COMMITTEE OF THE COUNCIL OF JEWISH WOMEN AND TI-IE J EW I SH WELFARE FEDERATION t Mrs . M1~ . VMrs • Mrs . Mrs . _ Mrs . l Mrs . 1 Mr . Edgar Bottigheimer lbl' w David Johan \ L. W. Cole ,~~~ ·' J Arthur Kling \ S. H. Starr Hugo '.i1aust1ne David Traub Alexo.nder w. Er Mr s . Herman Handmaker, Ex Officia l ( Mr . Victor Burger, Ex Officio) � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Holocaust and the Ohio Valley, 1920, 1933-1990s Description An account of the resource This collection consists of documents and photographs related to Jewish experiences in the Holocaust and World War II, Jewish American efforts to support refugees, and historical memory of the Holocaust in Kentucky and Southern Indiana. This digitization project is in partnership with the Louisville Ballet's <em><a href="https://www.louisvilleballet.org/a-time-remembered/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A Time Remembered</a> </em>performance, which marks the 80th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau. <div><br />Holocaust-era family documents center on the Wolff, Levy, and Ackermann families who escaped to the United States from France and Austria, and ultimately settled in Louisville. Passports provide photographs of the family members and track their movements through countries. Letters document their efforts to navigate the administrative barriers to passage, and the tragic fate of relatives who were not approved to leave.<br /><br />Records from the National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section document the organization's activist work in fundraising for and directly serving refugees in the city, and political organizing around national immigration policies and economic boycotts of German-made goods. The collection includes sample correspondence from national organizations and individuals who supported and were against Zionism in response to the violent antisemitism of the Holocaust. <br /><br />The final items in the collection document Holocaust memorial events in the 1990s. Invitations, photographs, scripts, press releases, and articles represent the memorialization work of the Jewish Community Center, Jewish Community Federation of Louisville, <span>Louisville Ballet, Louisville Orchestra, and other  organizations.</span></div> <br />This project was generously supported by the Jewish Heritage Fund.<br /><br /><a href="https://jewishheritagefund.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img src="https://jewishheritagefund.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" alt="jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" width="306" height="58" /></a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1920, 1933-1990s Type The nature or genre of the resource Collection Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Mss. BJ N277a Folder 015 1941-02 Title A name given to the resource Report of the Nursery School, February 1941 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Joint Committee of the Council of Jewish Women and the Jewish Welfare Federation (Louisville, Ky.) National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Jewish Welfare Federation (Louisville, Ky.) Description An account of the resource 9-page, typed report on the Nursery School operated by the National Council of Jewish Women (NCJW), Louisville Section and the Jewish Welfare Federation of Louisville, Kentucky. The document begins with the need for, purpose, and principles of the "combination nursery and school" for "children 2 1/2 to 5 years of age." It outlines how Selma Kling and Katherine Bottigheimer of the NCJW Americanization Committee spearheaded the creation of the school in part to serve "Immigrant children of pre-school age who will use the school in learning English and general orientation." The school opened on February 5, 1940. The report profiles the initial behavior and improvements of some of the students, including three refugee children. The document notes that "the teacher at the School is a German refugee who obtained kindergarten training in Germany and additional nursery school training in this country. We feel that the provision of employment for her thru the establishment of the Nursery School is in line with the aims of the Council in relation to work with New Americans." Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1941-02 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century 1940s Subject The topic of the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Jewish Welfare Federation (Louisville, Ky.) Jews Jewish women Women Kentucky--Louisville Kentucky--Jefferson County Louisville (Ky.) Children Education Immigrants Emigration and immigration Jewish refugees Refugees Schools World War, 1939-1945 Germans Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource report Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Mss. BJ N277a, Folder 015, National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Records, 1906-2020, The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. for other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Property rights in the collection belong to The Filson Historical Society. The Filson Historical Society can provide high-resolution scans of original source materials from its holdings for non-commercial and commercial use. To learn about this process, visit https://Filsonhistorical.org/collections/order-reproductions/ https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/34455/archive/files/20c3dab66a09d06b0af5e4db78900774.pdf?Expires=1779321600&Signature=o512qqUZD1RpyhKmFcvHA1E2yFL6b4Oeidql4%7EfND6N0mznc2ZxRmeqqIvwckL6Qqo4JmUqGJAZ9%7EvTrBj88-wVmlp%7ELHRSLRGZqqzQRXM5J-QUqvfDmwq8GGKyv9dgZuegosQgsC0eVgpoRr-0auTSVVzI%7ExWTZjAZ7B9SP%7EWtJVC1rbGLgRbcWZhm9SioU%7EZ8eMYPRoi%7EsCSN4Rf8W0LRiPln5Ua0joouvMUvjF0yBwSOQPILh3Di7MJ4-vkpxsW6f68eMYoHymcSwlahARFddUtDv0DJEaAyFiOZfDJfuO-9e6yL5tBUQ6UpVSxe3V%7EI%7Ejb%7EQMtY%7E9cgXoMQ6OA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 819f2deb71a70a831927fb3049e78cd2 PDF Text Text The re~uler rneetinp: of' the Exeoutive Boe.rd of the Louisville Section, N. C. J •• wes hela ~ndav , Dao . 9th, 1940, at ten o ' clook in the Library of Temple Adath Israel . Mrs . nerrnan ~anotn9ker , president , presided . 29 members present. ~e minu+ - s o~ the nrevious Doe.rd meetin~ were e.nproved as read . 'the TreR • rer's r~ror s1m ·ed: Bal . on hand in Gen . Fund Oct . 21 , 1940 • . . . . . . . 208.09 Receipts . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . 138. 00 Disbursements . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277 . 95 ~~1. on hend in Gen. Fund Deo . 9, 1940 • . . . . . . • 68.15 Th~ s rl'lport wes accepfa,n ann filed w5 th the e.udi tor . It is o~ the utmost importance that all deliaerations o~ the Board shall be ~ent s er"'t enn sheJ 1 not ae disousseduntil after of:f!oie.1 presentation at e. general meeting . Mrs . Lon:is Glo~eT, Fin. Seoy . reported 366 members paid for icuo : lfl nPi.~ f'or 1941 . Mrs . Allen Sheninsky, Chairman of Rules e.nd Regulations ree,.d the orking Rules , u.G,1,,.A..." L. l!OVPrni-nP- th,, Sect1 on . d 1,t," shall nrast "vice word the 26, Rule in It was moved end carried that " . easurer "Tr to "'ohan~en It was moved and oar-den that Rule 28 shall read "the term of office for th"' nr.Ps~donov she.11 ~e for three (3) years, suaject to re-election. " I+, was moved and carried that Ryle 32 ae stricken frOJll the Working Rules . It was moved a..nd carr:iea that Rule 33 "be changed to read "the Louisville Sectfon, Netiona1 Council of' Jewish Vornen shall 'be a member of' the Louisville Conf'PrPriOP o~ Jew1sh Or~an'izations . " It was aleo moved end cArrie~ that a notation to the effect that these or~in~ Rules have ltel'ln emended as of Deo . 9, 1940, De attached to the Working Rules . ReferrinP- to Workin~ Rule No . 4 , the President appointed the corresponding an~ rqc~roinP' seor eteries to receive excuses from Board member s unable to attend meetings . Mrs . Josenh FrehlinP', Cheirmen of ffospital Circles r eported twelve aotive c1rei PS an~ 1"1V"' in<H.vidual contributors . The Hospital Cirole Cornmi ttee, desirous of :f'orll"t~ np- n<1W' o i rc 1 es. ef'ter a survey has found seven prospeotive groups with an aver age of' on"' nr t.ro nersons in eaoh group not Council members . As a result of these findings , ,i11d hi nrdPr t,, trv to 1mree.so the efr:ioiency of lfospital Circle activity, the com- • ~it+Pn or~"rP~ th~ followin~ resolution: "In extendinP' inviiitjons to or ~anized sooiel ~oups and in the organization of new ,r,,u,.,s wh"'r not all JIOOmUI e.re Council member s, the Committee on 'lfospite.1 Circles shP, 1 hp -permit.te~ to use :its discr etion in determinin~ whether or not these groups shf!,, b" t-nmirn f!S Council Rospital Cireles . " Mrs . JosP~h Freh1in~ move~ the adoption of this resolution. It was seoonded end car.,.;"'~· but not unenimouslv . Mrs . · Ben Solinter, Member ship Chairman, r e-ported .15 new members . Mrs . Charles Morris BUj?P-ested +.hat bulletins be sent to prospective member s . Miss Li11i~ GrAuman, ChAirman of' Ertuoe.tion announced that the Decemaer Book ~ea wi11 bn hn1o Deo . 11th, at~ p . m. at the home of Mrs . A. Ungerleider, Miss Clare 1':,,.11mf!n wH1 r.,,v,ew "World's End" 1ty Un•tn Sinclair . Mrs . SvlvAin Bernstein. Hospitality Chairman announoed that a Tea will follow th~ DeoembPr nietinP-,: Mrs . Silas Star , · Prop:rem Chairman announced that the meeti ng w1i1 hr rPnorts fr,,m th"' Triennial . ~rs . Dav~d Treub, Cheirmen of Social elfare rAoorted that all projeots Degun les,._ v "r Al' l,,:,inl" continued . Mrs . Traub spoke with enthusiasm of :the work of' the !ov Landini" Comm:ittel'I :i:Jmxxlix:ilt11 and of the valuable aid the Council has given same . Mrs . T<.':stelle Kaufman, Chaim.en of' Penny Lunch announced the appointment of Mrs . Max 0pnenhPim r , Chairmsn or. Lunch•oom worker s . The Penny Lunch Fund has rec iv"'~ th mAmorie1.s of' Mrs . Celie Kohn e,nd Mr . ffarry Kohn, 'besides sever al generous oontr~hutions . In annreoiation or the Council's work in sellinp: tickets for the S+ar SpRn~1.ed Show- , ~;van f'or the benefit of under pr ivileged children, the Crescent "A"i 11 omen's Club turned $50. 00 of' the proceeds to the Council to be used in Penny Lunoh work . Tha services o~ a W. P. A. worker have been offered and accepted for i:1,nehr,,~m ,.,nrlr. 0 ) 0 0 �( Mrs. Bernard S0 111man's rP.port announced the next meeting of the Cont nmore.r,r Jew~sh Affairs p.:roup Monda~ Dec . 16th, a.t 1 p.m. ~o renort or Mrs. Frenk -Garlov, Chairman of Drives, showed that in tli" Annuel Rad Cross Call, the five 1,ooths manned · ltv •. Council members collected 604. 0~ , n ~ein over last VAar . Mrs . J . ~a.rry Rosenbaum, representing the Council in Red Cross work ennoun~ 0 rl thet dressinp.:s tor the United States Anny are now 'being made . Mrs . Rosonbeum asked for volunteer workers . Mrs . Lewis C~lo rP.norted that 13 children are now enrolled in the Nurserv School, ann thet the sehool now he.s the services of an :N. Y. A. worker . Mrs. Co1° Also r 0 norteo An evere~e attendanee of 9 children al'ld added that ~ore eM 1rlr TI cPn 'hn ,mro11P~ as thP.y are recommended. ~ - l : v ; ~ t<,.. Mrs . Arthur Klin~ . Chair~n or Am;iriea:nize."t!On reported on(l;he orkshop and "nnounced exhi hi ts had 'bePn held et the Methodist Church and the Y• . c. A. and that Pxh1~~ts pr br1n~ made at the Commodore Beauty Shop end at the Musee de Noel at the K~ ntuc'lcy 'Pfo+.e1. Th_"' p.:roup of' Ger~ women studying American IUstor y under the leaderMrs . Kling sh1 ~ o~ Mrs . Den Eyck was reported to be most interested in the work . elsn ennouneod that the Quaker Soeietv will aecept bundles of clothing to be sent to ,. ri>f'u~ee cel'TIP in Spain. Four new citizenship papers have eeen paid f'or out of the Klaub'"'r l"uno . A donation of' lumber from Mr . Jaco\, Levy for the nursery sehool was reported. 'i'h.P president, Mrs . Jllermen Iiendmaker announceda luncheon Dec . 12th of the '1'!,_ird Distr1ct, Kv . Federation of' 'fomen'sCoubs . Mrs . ~e.nc,naker attended a meeting "rov . 30th or the eommittee on theCause end Cure tJf War . A regional conference will bi> h 1a in Febr,1arv at whieh ti~ the topic of discussion will ~ "ffow Sh~the ~ .._ Uni +A~ StA+.es m0 et the Challen~e of' Totalitarianism? 'b-...,...(.L A.I Mrs . LawrPnce Gi-aumen, Chairman of Peace and Internati nal Re ation reporte\i Con11:ress~ Emmett t,l--,A+ th· "'o,,n 1 s studyin~ South knericen conditions end relat i ons . 0'NPP1 wil1 e~oress the ~roun on Dec . 19th, end the servi c es of' other speakers are b""1n.,. ,,rranP' d for future de.tes . Mrs .ff9ndmaker ennoin+ea Mrs . Barnett Linker, Mrs . J . M. Fuhrman and Miss Jessie Gr auman as a comm~ttee to select the n~es of three pi oneer women to be sent to +.he Third District, Ky. Federation of 'fomen ' sClubs ,- thesenmnes to be sent later to +.hr Gener al FPderation meetin~ in Atlantic City, to beheld next sulll!'l.er . . 0 0 Corresnondence: A lotter or thanks we.s rece~ved from the ~onleuimee of Jewish omen's Orir:an1 ie.+.1 cm s for the November Pee.ea proe:rfll!l. A let+.Pr f'rom Mrs . Marie Tachau of the Lea~ue of omen' s Voters,enolosing 1 i Rt. o-r s+11ov OTouns and invitin~ member ship in the League . A note or than~s from the f'emilv of Mr . Michael Switow and froom Mr . JAck JudAh f'or attention shown on his 80th birthday . A lPtt.er from the United States Dept. of' Justice explainin~ the status ~r +he r~~istratjon of rlwt aliens unto this date end asking for continued CO"P re+·on. A 1,,tter from the Americen Bureeu for American Aid to Chine asking pa.rtiein~+.i on in thPir annual Bowl of' Rice narty. No further business, +he meetinp.: adjourned. Goldie M. Strauss, Rec . Secy. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Holocaust and the Ohio Valley, 1920, 1933-1990s Description An account of the resource This collection consists of documents and photographs related to Jewish experiences in the Holocaust and World War II, Jewish American efforts to support refugees, and historical memory of the Holocaust in Kentucky and Southern Indiana. This digitization project is in partnership with the Louisville Ballet's <em><a href="https://www.louisvilleballet.org/a-time-remembered/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A Time Remembered</a> </em>performance, which marks the 80th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau. <div><br />Holocaust-era family documents center on the Wolff, Levy, and Ackermann families who escaped to the United States from France and Austria, and ultimately settled in Louisville. Passports provide photographs of the family members and track their movements through countries. Letters document their efforts to navigate the administrative barriers to passage, and the tragic fate of relatives who were not approved to leave.<br /><br />Records from the National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section document the organization's activist work in fundraising for and directly serving refugees in the city, and political organizing around national immigration policies and economic boycotts of German-made goods. The collection includes sample correspondence from national organizations and individuals who supported and were against Zionism in response to the violent antisemitism of the Holocaust. <br /><br />The final items in the collection document Holocaust memorial events in the 1990s. Invitations, photographs, scripts, press releases, and articles represent the memorialization work of the Jewish Community Center, Jewish Community Federation of Louisville, <span>Louisville Ballet, Louisville Orchestra, and other  organizations.</span></div> <br />This project was generously supported by the Jewish Heritage Fund.<br /><br /><a href="https://jewishheritagefund.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img src="https://jewishheritagefund.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" alt="jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" width="306" height="58" /></a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1920, 1933-1990s Type The nature or genre of the resource Collection Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Mss. BJ N277a Folder 015 1940-12-09 Title A name given to the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, Executive Board meeting minutes, December 9, 1940 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Description An account of the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, Executive Board meeting minutes for December 9, 1940. The minutes include reports on the group's Nursery School enrollment and Workshop, both of which served immigrant women and families. The Service to the Foreign Born Committee also reported on interest in Mrs. Dan Byck's American History study group for German women, collection of clothing for a refugee camp in Spain, and use of the Klauber Fund to cover fees for "four new citizenship papers." Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1940-12-09 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century 1940s Subject The topic of the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Jews Jewish women Women Kentucky--Louisville Kentucky--Jefferson County Louisville (Ky.) Schools Education Adult education Emigration and immigration Jewish refugees Refugees Immigrants Children World War, 1939-1945 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource minutes Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Mss. BJ N277a, Folder 015, National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Records, 1906-2020, The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. for other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Property rights in the collection belong to The Filson Historical Society. The Filson Historical Society can provide high-resolution scans of original source materials from its holdings for non-commercial and commercial use. To learn about this process, visit https://Filsonhistorical.org/collections/order-reproductions/ https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/34455/archive/files/9969dfd274b29e63a33075816f62ad40.pdf?Expires=1779321600&Signature=RToRCDraQTQ6kMq9dKoT8XN4xdJcoOGzhF5dIzqkzIPkUKtv0O4-ojBmQ5B5i5P8xTscjVEZZH-KS1JvQozIVbIO7FGkJlC0qwzRoGpTlEWh0fAx6EgPPopXAgQUqxg0%7EudE9JAb%7EIg7hSO%7Evvu8L-lGjSvAK-Kkk2zJTVpiO2oxxrLJm6lbqeYw9fqJm3UaLlYSy2X5slqY9DltSgpdkHgpICCZz9WweN5-uRBvAGw31NzUp0gKbQ1U%7E1hG5fWlBTy4SqKnOFBIOJyz5GCjnZmvv4QPKnHphQKa%7EUow-ySFRRz0DNheqqT2mg2qQjj6wlj1AhOmM8cE8VDshyPoPA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 513e085c77968b4f54dee5077998ecf6 PDF Text Text The re~uler monthly meeting of the Exeoutiva Boe.rd of the Louisville Section, Nat 0nal Council of Jewish Toman was held Monday, June 3~d, 1940, at ten o'clock in tho Eibrery of TPmple Adath Israel , Mrs . Herman Handmaker, resident in the Che r . Th5.rtv-four members pr esent . Tho minut'es of the pr evious meeting: were e.Pproved as read . It is of thA umost importance that all deliberations of the Boe.rd and all me.t+Pr s a; sou ssAo she. l b,ci considered secret end shall not be spoken of until af'tor nr 0 sentation at a General meeting . ~rs . HandlT'e.ker welcomed the newly appointedchairman 81\d the new members to tho Board . Mrs . Carl Zellner , Treasurer X1[l!Ul!rtri submitted the following report which was aoo""l1t"d ann rPferred to the Anditor: Ba ance on hand inGeneral FundAnril R, 1940 . • . . . . . . . . • • $ 95 . 49 Reoei-nts . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • 207 . 00 DisbursPmAnts • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . . . • • • •• 210 . 30 92 . 19 Bel . o h.end in GonArAl Fund Juno 3 , 1940 • . . . . . . . . . • • • T ,.. FinAnoie.1 SecrPtAry reported 238 aid members , Mrs . Glo-gower announced e snrnlus of' lR . 00 left from the 1939 dues whereupon Miss Eva Bandman moved, DX.}llia.JlXluoqrhma« the surplus of 1939 ena ;+ was nro~erly s econded that ~ duos b n nle.oed in the General Fund . Carried . Mrs . Allan Shaninsky read Working Rule No . 15 and moved that the Singing isteroe for one year , become a standing committee end Me ssa~e ColTI]'rlittee , in that thA Chairman of same become a member of the Executive Board. Carried. s . J . M. Furhmen , Chairman of the Student loan Co:mmittee announced that ~240 . 00 has been loaned since the last report, and an additional 60 . 00 to a stuo 0 nt for instrum0 nts . Mrs . David Tr aub f?;ave a most oomprehensive a:nd satisfe.otory report on 0 th Nursery School . The funds for this aotivity oome from the Le • zin~ky Fund. Mi ss Sara Landau , Chairman of Peace and International Relations suggested the+. thn ,,,.orlr of' that conn,,ittee be combined with the Legislative Connni ttee inasmuch es mns+ oft e oroblP.ms confronting eo le today deal with legis 1a+.inn in rA~ rd to imm ' ~ration and directed age.inst aliens . Mrs . Frank Garlove r e orted on the Red Cross Drive and asked for wo r kers +.n SPrv o lunch at Red Cross headquar tArs . !}.nr.aa z<lnJJ.ci il: zmai'heEs z as well as for or1r ,.- r s to s orve in the booths June 7 , S, 710th . Mrs . Art hur Kli ne r eported on the work of the Americanization Committee Mrs . Kl in~ asked for volunteer English teachers . as w~11 as on the Workshop . irman Germen Children's Aid Inc. has received ,!rs . Silas Starr •" ~527 . 72 for this V" ar . Cole ill r e res ~nt the Section on the Conservation Counoil 1frs . Le is of tli" United States Forest Service . It was moved b v Mrs. J . M. Furhman an~ s 0 cn,,.,0P~ thpt thA Lo,, isvtll e Section join the Ke ~tucky State Co 1 moil for Conservation. CArried (Fee $2 . 0Q per organization) State IDfficie.ls hope thru this Cons ervation Council to promote the conservation of soil , game , fish , r,rov 0 nt f'0rpst fire r enooura~e educ ation in the schools toward beautifying a.nil r,rosorvin~ natural :mrwxx resources . It as announced that Vrs . BernardSelli~an plans a study group on Contemporary Jew:i sh Affairs, to hold one meeting each mont h , to study the r ofu~A uroblem. The President re orted on the mee +ings a.ttendedduring the month an~ touohPd briefly on the purposes of each. W. 0 Correspondence : A letter from The Bnai Bri th sponsoring the Fresh Ai r F nil at the Y•• H. A. Ce.mn and askin~ Council cooperation. Tl,,,, Socrr-tary wes instructed to reply stating inasmuch as the Council is do not ontribute as e mrmb "r of' th~ Conf ere e , the S a)'tle as Bnai Brith, e bn~v. hut inn1vidual-. may do so . A 1 °++ r f'rnm Mrs . Mau rice Goldman, National Council on the Jewish Juniors The eounoil ap roves of the aims el"n +h,., Al'l"ricen Youth Conf.!'?'ess . of' thP Jun~ or Council in workin~ vri th the American Youth Congr ess , which c~,,.,sist of mr ~ on soc ' al im rov ement, better housing, fair wage, programs to k-eon out nf' war, and plans to build better democracy . �An ·nvj_te.+.ion was received from the Louisvill e Council Girl Scouts to cnmn Julv ~nd . visit; t A no ... nf t.hanlrs . was received from rs . Ina Kelly Lieb er of the Woman's Board , Vfe.vPrly Hills, thsnldnP.: the Section for the pe.rty and bir thday gifts . A not from Mrs . Sa.re. W. Cole then.kin~ for message of good wishes . A onrd of' thenks from the falTlilv of Miss Alma Grauman. A cerd of the.nlcs from thP family of Mrs. Smil L. Hi 1 p . s . F edi L. Joseph, due to removal from the City. The res·,rna.ti on of~M with petition to use the ""~---.iL A letter from Mrs . for children during the work ive construct for p_:round ci t~r schoo1s and su1'l1!1lor m011+hs . copied after a plan used in Boston. The Secretary was instruc+.n~ tn r nly stRtin~ the Section e_pproves of the plan in general but is unel-)1 ° +o telr " rmy a.otive steps in the matter, due uv-u,~.Lag unf'uiliar wi +h th ,. . i"Tor1r of th A Dimt . of Recreatio n end the Juvenile Court . 0 0 Goldie M. Strauss, Rec . Secy. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Holocaust and the Ohio Valley, 1920, 1933-1990s Description An account of the resource This collection consists of documents and photographs related to Jewish experiences in the Holocaust and World War II, Jewish American efforts to support refugees, and historical memory of the Holocaust in Kentucky and Southern Indiana. This digitization project is in partnership with the Louisville Ballet's <em><a href="https://www.louisvilleballet.org/a-time-remembered/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A Time Remembered</a> </em>performance, which marks the 80th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau. <div><br />Holocaust-era family documents center on the Wolff, Levy, and Ackermann families who escaped to the United States from France and Austria, and ultimately settled in Louisville. Passports provide photographs of the family members and track their movements through countries. Letters document their efforts to navigate the administrative barriers to passage, and the tragic fate of relatives who were not approved to leave.<br /><br />Records from the National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section document the organization's activist work in fundraising for and directly serving refugees in the city, and political organizing around national immigration policies and economic boycotts of German-made goods. The collection includes sample correspondence from national organizations and individuals who supported and were against Zionism in response to the violent antisemitism of the Holocaust. <br /><br />The final items in the collection document Holocaust memorial events in the 1990s. Invitations, photographs, scripts, press releases, and articles represent the memorialization work of the Jewish Community Center, Jewish Community Federation of Louisville, <span>Louisville Ballet, Louisville Orchestra, and other  organizations.</span></div> <br />This project was generously supported by the Jewish Heritage Fund.<br /><br /><a href="https://jewishheritagefund.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img src="https://jewishheritagefund.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" alt="jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" width="306" height="58" /></a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1920, 1933-1990s Type The nature or genre of the resource Collection Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Mss. BJ N277a Folder 015 1940-06-03 Title A name given to the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, Executive Board meeting minutes, June 3, 1940 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Description An account of the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, Executive Board meeting minutes for June 3, 1940. The minutes reference work with and advocating for immigrants and refugees, such as that "Sara Landau, Chairman of Peace and International Relations suggested that the work of that committee be combined with the Legislative Committee in as much as most of the problems confronting people today deal with legislation in regard to immigration and directed against aliens." Other committee reports include that volunteer English teachers were needed for the Americanization Committee, the "German Children's Aid Inc. has received $527.72 for this year," and "that Mrs. Bernard Selligman plans a study group on Contemporary Jewish Affairs, to hold one meeting each month, to study the refugee problem." Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1940-06-03 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century 1940s Subject The topic of the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Jews Jewish women Women Kentucky--Louisville Kentucky--Jefferson County Louisville (Ky.) Emigration and immigration Jewish refugees Refugees Immigrants Children World War, 1939-1945 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource minutes Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Mss. BJ N277a, Folder 015, National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Records, 1906-2020, The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. for other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Property rights in the collection belong to The Filson Historical Society. The Filson Historical Society can provide high-resolution scans of original source materials from its holdings for non-commercial and commercial use. To learn about this process, visit https://Filsonhistorical.org/collections/order-reproductions/ https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/34455/archive/files/ae5712848aa39cdb59ae97d7deaae4dc.pdf?Expires=1779321600&Signature=Ub-P0oWfA2yYnmRmjAeOnByAYDm5kPUcgErd-KrKlQOVMLP5uVOnXZTjflAisiRvvQjmGOoarxjaazFjKo2efqMrkRAO9d-YsLT3KxPgvZ1EigTjJafAt57fF3QYEiDT2dAF40XoxmX1-Zusexd6cO5MU44bRs0-Ob6Z7mbpl8HpRJCY9vOwuwKN6QFO7ZW8if94MaiCYlH0J%7EaYNsqLBHe7EdISzoRWSqqFXRXSonN5mYhaadjJwor86oPhBiq7ZmgA2kgLLuE5vJy9BZc-JPMadbFAIk9DGxudEH3FJPnUWuL7RXbIVf702JDfPt2%7Eve-9GZxsT%7EcroIgBwLx9Rg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM fdb32f87581b8fb4ea4278d1b5dc6e79 PDF Text Text ���� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Holocaust and the Ohio Valley, 1920, 1933-1990s Description An account of the resource This collection consists of documents and photographs related to Jewish experiences in the Holocaust and World War II, Jewish American efforts to support refugees, and historical memory of the Holocaust in Kentucky and Southern Indiana. This digitization project is in partnership with the Louisville Ballet's <em><a href="https://www.louisvilleballet.org/a-time-remembered/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A Time Remembered</a> </em>performance, which marks the 80th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau. <div><br />Holocaust-era family documents center on the Wolff, Levy, and Ackermann families who escaped to the United States from France and Austria, and ultimately settled in Louisville. Passports provide photographs of the family members and track their movements through countries. Letters document their efforts to navigate the administrative barriers to passage, and the tragic fate of relatives who were not approved to leave.<br /><br />Records from the National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section document the organization's activist work in fundraising for and directly serving refugees in the city, and political organizing around national immigration policies and economic boycotts of German-made goods. The collection includes sample correspondence from national organizations and individuals who supported and were against Zionism in response to the violent antisemitism of the Holocaust. <br /><br />The final items in the collection document Holocaust memorial events in the 1990s. Invitations, photographs, scripts, press releases, and articles represent the memorialization work of the Jewish Community Center, Jewish Community Federation of Louisville, <span>Louisville Ballet, Louisville Orchestra, and other  organizations.</span></div> <br />This project was generously supported by the Jewish Heritage Fund.<br /><br /><a href="https://jewishheritagefund.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img src="https://jewishheritagefund.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" alt="jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" width="306" height="58" /></a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1920, 1933-1990s Type The nature or genre of the resource Collection Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. URL https://filsonhistoricalomekaimages.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/mssbj_n277a_f014_008.pdf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Mss. BJ N277a Folder 014 Item 8 Title A name given to the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, annual meeting, April 17, 1940 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Description An account of the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, annual meeting minutes, announcement, and election ticket for April 17, 1940. The minutes report on expenditures and remaining funds, including for specific immigrant and refugee aid projects like the establishment of the Council Workshop. A summary of Selma Kling's report notes "that approximately 250 emigrees are now residing in Louisville. These have been the responsibility and care of the [Americanization] committee from the time they arrive until their lives run in normal channels." Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1940-04-17 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century 1940s Subject The topic of the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Jews Jewish women Women Immigrants Emigration and immigration Kentucky--Louisville Kentucky--Jefferson County Louisville (Ky.) World War, 1939-1945 Refugees Jewish refugees Kling, Selma M., d. 1991 Activists Political activism Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource minutes Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Mss. BJ N277a, Folder 014, National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Records, 1906-2020, The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. for other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Property rights in the collection belong to The Filson Historical Society. The Filson Historical Society can provide high-resolution scans of original source materials from its holdings for non-commercial and commercial use. To learn about this process, visit https://Filsonhistorical.org/collections/order-reproductions/ https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/34455/archive/files/c50cf7cbc7e5d80c8ca861d35a2cdead.pdf?Expires=1779321600&Signature=np1Tb9uN5sBuoM7aEVYShf12ujMygXFfLsPF8SDBwBdnJzkpGj5SI4xfY4PTPPXko-JjuRqp4NbNiflQiJq2uyUQ2VVNc44WiOiY32r6rWiv%7Eh0oRc2445a%7EC9OYFffIgFmBWIAmcjuoXnjmJdzB1siNzSTw-K89rqWGcQzKiZw3kE%7EQB1ePLhrxoH5qkLZ6sAH9FCTR6bhBjdwmBJjuGVXAEeELslpgcLjLA59k%7EkjvMwMS1m64kDmyYZhgEXl2D2GjTD7hDLeGHq5YPMAX1-F%7EUwy2e7n8QpJVH64rKDtnw-KCNLQklt42O-K5dSF0K8SpiNxVfVW6u02wvCUyfA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM bb094df357ef916fa839e10be8139a46 PDF Text Text ��� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Holocaust and the Ohio Valley, 1920, 1933-1990s Description An account of the resource This collection consists of documents and photographs related to Jewish experiences in the Holocaust and World War II, Jewish American efforts to support refugees, and historical memory of the Holocaust in Kentucky and Southern Indiana. This digitization project is in partnership with the Louisville Ballet's <em><a href="https://www.louisvilleballet.org/a-time-remembered/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A Time Remembered</a> </em>performance, which marks the 80th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau. <div><br />Holocaust-era family documents center on the Wolff, Levy, and Ackermann families who escaped to the United States from France and Austria, and ultimately settled in Louisville. Passports provide photographs of the family members and track their movements through countries. Letters document their efforts to navigate the administrative barriers to passage, and the tragic fate of relatives who were not approved to leave.<br /><br />Records from the National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section document the organization's activist work in fundraising for and directly serving refugees in the city, and political organizing around national immigration policies and economic boycotts of German-made goods. The collection includes sample correspondence from national organizations and individuals who supported and were against Zionism in response to the violent antisemitism of the Holocaust. <br /><br />The final items in the collection document Holocaust memorial events in the 1990s. Invitations, photographs, scripts, press releases, and articles represent the memorialization work of the Jewish Community Center, Jewish Community Federation of Louisville, <span>Louisville Ballet, Louisville Orchestra, and other  organizations.</span></div> <br />This project was generously supported by the Jewish Heritage Fund.<br /><br /><a href="https://jewishheritagefund.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img src="https://jewishheritagefund.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" alt="jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" width="306" height="58" /></a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1920, 1933-1990s Type The nature or genre of the resource Collection Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. URL https://filsonhistoricalomekaimages.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/mssbj_n277a_f014_007.pdf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Mss. BJ N277a Folder 014 Item 7 Title A name given to the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, monthly meeting minutes, March 18, 1940 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Description An account of the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, monthly meeting minutes on March 18, 1940. The minutes report that the Council "has contributed $100 to the National Council Scholarship Fund for Refugees." The Americanization Committee reports "that one new family and one individual had arrived in the City since the last meeting," thanks Council members for donating clothing and furniture for new residents, and notes that the Girl Scouts want to work with the committee to help immigrant girls join. A letter read from the National Chairman of the Children's Aid appeals for continued funding. To conclude the meeting, the Committee on Contemporary Jewish Affairs held a roundtable titled "Milestones in Refugee Resettlement." Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1940-03-18 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century 1940s Subject The topic of the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Jews Jewish women Women Girls Children Immigrants Emigration and immigration Kentucky--Louisville Kentucky--Jefferson County Louisville (Ky.) World War, 1939-1945 Refugees Jewish refugees Activists Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource minutes Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Mss. BJ N277a, Folder 014, National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Records, 1906-2020, The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. for other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Property rights in the collection belong to The Filson Historical Society. The Filson Historical Society can provide high-resolution scans of original source materials from its holdings for non-commercial and commercial use. To learn about this process, visit https://Filsonhistorical.org/collections/order-reproductions/ https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/34455/archive/files/d1f3ff37d6abd0be85754b531747172d.pdf?Expires=1779321600&Signature=PbmcB9OVLH2zLm-TEV%7EIKcTepvEyn9rnu4PPlvlmEdw2oHBBqnDmakN3FQ-gZDaIb14T%7ELv9yt-nQLQzbDX78ZKyL%7Et%7E6X9LKTtJFniQM2G1nYkMFPqHJkqvMh4hNXOiqGvYoPP5LBE%7EfNkFVAJcC-MenUDrOILHDSt6OdOgnjOaoE7AGg%7EykVujDncVNm6Z9O%7EL-uU%7ECnwyAvA7LT3VQuYShFJeT%7E2zn%7E4EGQHkFFFJb11NjSqzds6U8PWK6p3udPes%7EdOt9y9rG%7E7ONoFtgP82SY8ukcI4Iv1k4zTPllZzaqwqMYXC7RcrFzlIeHmh7bQ4ycFcfzWXYt7Cd8Ev1A__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 2ff14929d4aa00921aabb92c2279759b PDF Text Text �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Holocaust and the Ohio Valley, 1920, 1933-1990s Description An account of the resource This collection consists of documents and photographs related to Jewish experiences in the Holocaust and World War II, Jewish American efforts to support refugees, and historical memory of the Holocaust in Kentucky and Southern Indiana. This digitization project is in partnership with the Louisville Ballet's <em><a href="https://www.louisvilleballet.org/a-time-remembered/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A Time Remembered</a> </em>performance, which marks the 80th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau. <div><br />Holocaust-era family documents center on the Wolff, Levy, and Ackermann families who escaped to the United States from France and Austria, and ultimately settled in Louisville. Passports provide photographs of the family members and track their movements through countries. Letters document their efforts to navigate the administrative barriers to passage, and the tragic fate of relatives who were not approved to leave.<br /><br />Records from the National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section document the organization's activist work in fundraising for and directly serving refugees in the city, and political organizing around national immigration policies and economic boycotts of German-made goods. The collection includes sample correspondence from national organizations and individuals who supported and were against Zionism in response to the violent antisemitism of the Holocaust. <br /><br />The final items in the collection document Holocaust memorial events in the 1990s. Invitations, photographs, scripts, press releases, and articles represent the memorialization work of the Jewish Community Center, Jewish Community Federation of Louisville, <span>Louisville Ballet, Louisville Orchestra, and other  organizations.</span></div> <br />This project was generously supported by the Jewish Heritage Fund.<br /><br /><a href="https://jewishheritagefund.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img src="https://jewishheritagefund.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" alt="jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" width="306" height="58" /></a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1920, 1933-1990s Type The nature or genre of the resource Collection Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. URL https://filsonhistoricalomekaimages.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/mssbj_n277a_f014_006.pdf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Mss. BJ N277a Folder 014 Item 6 Title A name given to the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, open meeting minutes, December 11, 1939 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Description An account of the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, open meeting minutes on December 11, 1939. The Committee on Americanization “thanked members who visited the German families and also thanked members for the generous response to the committee’s request for furniture.” The minutes also recount expenses and remaining Council funds for November through December. Reports and updates are recorded for the Committee of Education’s book tea and the Peace International Relations Committee’s book review. The Committee of Social Welfare report “asked for volunteers for the Children’s Home” and introduced a “Toy-Lending project.” After one month of operation, the Council workshop “has received $110.00 worth of orders.” Other points of discussion are Red Cross donations and volunteers, the Student Loan fund, the Penny Lunch fund, and updates on local events. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1939-12-11 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century 1930s Subject The topic of the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Jews Jewish women Women Immigrants Emigration and immigration Kentucky--Louisville Kentucky--Jefferson County Louisville (Ky.) World War, 1939-1945 Refugees Jewish refugees Activists Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource minutes Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Mss. BJ N277a, Folder 014, National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Records, 1906-2020, The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. for other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Property rights in the collection belong to The Filson Historical Society. The Filson Historical Society can provide high-resolution scans of original source materials from its holdings for non-commercial and commercial use. To learn about this process, visit https://Filsonhistorical.org/collections/order-reproductions/ https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/34455/archive/files/48f122ed6bac9f6b50582d09ddf80a69.pdf?Expires=1779321600&Signature=LwRdtWA-ilUopeAYsB3fvEz9n7644w1TuAKFWV5yEKhozqsmUPm%7Ex29IyU0XvpmLT5w4%7E%7En9RDepb0p8vq8SJVyJQdW5gX5ouJ4QJoG13kLUhBWwefWFLw-7C9j4qD%7ER2dUp68O1VjF6qk-dnXD-43AXorkLHjzmoLa37Sc0EDEZXz89vHfAzovIXPN9lq7DWCI8KYB0mmDBE%7E6k3pz6dL0h-KQ8Swf9-g6-ge165blrV5XTHYPaNZCbuVfLOSxSOnkEKixOTaq-Ogfcm2Qj6c6xEuqjJFH%7Er-nNF80LRYCraRlWMC8EEKBpH5MkM7jeZt8YNoOGXH-VcITXvUgPQg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 5bce292c012d33f8dc88c8ae0f5a99ec PDF Text Text ���� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Holocaust and the Ohio Valley, 1920, 1933-1990s Description An account of the resource This collection consists of documents and photographs related to Jewish experiences in the Holocaust and World War II, Jewish American efforts to support refugees, and historical memory of the Holocaust in Kentucky and Southern Indiana. This digitization project is in partnership with the Louisville Ballet's <em><a href="https://www.louisvilleballet.org/a-time-remembered/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A Time Remembered</a> </em>performance, which marks the 80th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau. <div><br />Holocaust-era family documents center on the Wolff, Levy, and Ackermann families who escaped to the United States from France and Austria, and ultimately settled in Louisville. Passports provide photographs of the family members and track their movements through countries. Letters document their efforts to navigate the administrative barriers to passage, and the tragic fate of relatives who were not approved to leave.<br /><br />Records from the National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section document the organization's activist work in fundraising for and directly serving refugees in the city, and political organizing around national immigration policies and economic boycotts of German-made goods. The collection includes sample correspondence from national organizations and individuals who supported and were against Zionism in response to the violent antisemitism of the Holocaust. <br /><br />The final items in the collection document Holocaust memorial events in the 1990s. Invitations, photographs, scripts, press releases, and articles represent the memorialization work of the Jewish Community Center, Jewish Community Federation of Louisville, <span>Louisville Ballet, Louisville Orchestra, and other  organizations.</span></div> <br />This project was generously supported by the Jewish Heritage Fund.<br /><br /><a href="https://jewishheritagefund.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img src="https://jewishheritagefund.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" alt="jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" width="306" height="58" /></a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1920, 1933-1990s Type The nature or genre of the resource Collection Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. URL https://filsonhistoricalomekaimages.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/mssbj_n277a_f014_005.pdf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Mss. BJ N277a Folder 014 Item 5 Title A name given to the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, open meeting minutes, October 16, 1939 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Description An account of the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, open meeting minutes for October 16, 1939. In reference to World War II, the minutes note that "A letter was read from the National Council urging the study of the present neutrality laws and the President's proposals. Members were asked to write to Congressmen and Senators endorsing the President's proposed neutrality legislation." The minutes report on a bequest from Carrie E. Hirsch "for local refugee work," and work by the Americanization Committee to assist the "178 emigrees in the city, fourteen having arrived since June." The three-year old German Children's Aid Inc. fund also contributes to the care of 413 children through their work with the national organization. Charles Strull spoke to the Council about how the war in Europe was impacting refugees. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1939-10-16 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century 1930s Subject The topic of the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Jews Jewish women Women Children Refugees Jewish refugees Immigrants Emigration and immigration Kentucky--Louisville Kentucky--Jefferson County Louisville (Ky.) World War, 1939-1945 Kling, Selma M., d. 1991 Activists Political activism Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource minutes Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Mss. BJ N277a, Folder 014, National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Records, 1906-2020, The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. for other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Property rights in the collection belong to The Filson Historical Society. The Filson Historical Society can provide high-resolution scans of original source materials from its holdings for non-commercial and commercial use. To learn about this process, visit https://Filsonhistorical.org/collections/order-reproductions/ https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/34455/archive/files/2991e90b36621ab75aa1da5f908a3e36.pdf?Expires=1779321600&Signature=Q4IulP6Q5IT2Z95GUCWIhJ7GlUoQpjp-4Kpky34gUw8mp07UNVpuWrndWr-6sWnpr75RhaqWNojK2ibjjjDt%7EpBpiPOUvLrqRHdllF7ryu4Kp8fJAAZH82YhkRmYW8sjpmCZnv2XX5MI01AlmAsD432l4sIqSN-ckQ325r7WK2gFig%7EFn9DMRdwvolF2wzv8qjn6c0UnNoBfRBD0vYsGiUe2kL0k5roNG8kBM702QoVXp9B2jVXktvrfpXClsMW6YXt-GYifGNeCjcsbnuisQOg-yl8aKB4QBV6TlPX9Tx65roSnZl37G5lHQw6Sz5Zw0IurRkznEW4isvbHaTiVpA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 24853678d2a0aa94f8e85bdfb013c1c8 PDF Text Text ��� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Holocaust and the Ohio Valley, 1920, 1933-1990s Description An account of the resource This collection consists of documents and photographs related to Jewish experiences in the Holocaust and World War II, Jewish American efforts to support refugees, and historical memory of the Holocaust in Kentucky and Southern Indiana. This digitization project is in partnership with the Louisville Ballet's <em><a href="https://www.louisvilleballet.org/a-time-remembered/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A Time Remembered</a> </em>performance, which marks the 80th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau. <div><br />Holocaust-era family documents center on the Wolff, Levy, and Ackermann families who escaped to the United States from France and Austria, and ultimately settled in Louisville. Passports provide photographs of the family members and track their movements through countries. Letters document their efforts to navigate the administrative barriers to passage, and the tragic fate of relatives who were not approved to leave.<br /><br />Records from the National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section document the organization's activist work in fundraising for and directly serving refugees in the city, and political organizing around national immigration policies and economic boycotts of German-made goods. The collection includes sample correspondence from national organizations and individuals who supported and were against Zionism in response to the violent antisemitism of the Holocaust. <br /><br />The final items in the collection document Holocaust memorial events in the 1990s. Invitations, photographs, scripts, press releases, and articles represent the memorialization work of the Jewish Community Center, Jewish Community Federation of Louisville, <span>Louisville Ballet, Louisville Orchestra, and other  organizations.</span></div> <br />This project was generously supported by the Jewish Heritage Fund.<br /><br /><a href="https://jewishheritagefund.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img src="https://jewishheritagefund.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" alt="jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" width="306" height="58" /></a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1920, 1933-1990s Type The nature or genre of the resource Collection Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. URL https://filsonhistoricalomekaimages.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/mssbj_n277a_f014_003.pdf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Mss. BJ N277a Folder 014 Item 3 Title A name given to the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, Y.M.H.A. Symposium minutes, November 13, 1939 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Description An account of the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, Board meeting minutes for November 13, 1939. Regarding support for refugees, “Mrs. Arthur Kling reported the arrival of 12 emigrees since last meeting. All of them have been visited by the committee.” In addition, Mrs. Ben Wilde reported “the enthusiasm and interest shown in the Council’s Workshop for German women” and noted “articles” will be available for sale at the November Book Tea. The minutes also recount expenses and remaining Council funds for May through October. The first two main points of business relate to education. The finance Committee agreed to send $62.50 to “Miss Irene Levy to maintain her sister in a school in Belgium.” The Penny Lunch fund reported “50 free lunches daily are being given, making a $50.00 monthly expenditure.” Updates regarding the Committee of Education’s book review meetings, the Committee of Hospitality’s Tea, and upcoming Council meetings are given. An extended discussion of National Council matters occurred during the Committee of Peace and International Relations report the local Council decided it “may act in unison with the National if desired” or take no action and stated additional policies for interacting with the National Council or on behalf of the local Council. Additional updates were given and correspondence read on upcoming local events and charitable efforts. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1939-11 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century 1930s Subject The topic of the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Jews Jewish women Women Children Refugees Immigrants Kentucky--Louisville Kentucky--Jefferson County Louisville (Ky.) World War, 1939-1945 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource minutes Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Mss. BJ N277a, Folder 014, National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Records, 1906-2020, The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. for other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Property rights in the collection belong to The Filson Historical Society. The Filson Historical Society can provide high-resolution scans of original source materials from its holdings for non-commercial and commercial use. To learn about this process, visit https://Filsonhistorical.org/collections/order-reproductions/ https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/34455/archive/files/1ab05567af5ad13a1eb79f87de9d22b5.pdf?Expires=1779321600&Signature=lNqxySlvg1se-sQi%7EJIzDxVCvI%7E%7EifGYEp0FH6KAddpzxcxlNQD5bzg-Ua3nZwUbKNYSoRX-0G-8kwNJpUPPY%7EZSGgg0Gm17MRuNX5fOqeAXoOoTU9ZxaDn-qO-IBKSWRkh5l-%7ErAKmDmrzOfN3RKHjOFvwgdlrpmxoc6SbxcRULp9UJaUCLXg8f7YDM1sToO2lOV3-fFG3ZOSaVeDpQb7N9BRaEuD6Z%7Eb2WqTWba%7E3GlvT8S8Mrz5TQNLOrWLUJqwQ7kQyzeNgdafjAyFizNSTHH3XZ87OPyhST6r8ui98YA0o5CQ0jVzZ7LqLQPS-CoBGYKjl3SYxR5XJOcao55g__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 37766003113c71509d29d4bb95485a3d PDF Text Text ����� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Holocaust and the Ohio Valley, 1920, 1933-1990s Description An account of the resource This collection consists of documents and photographs related to Jewish experiences in the Holocaust and World War II, Jewish American efforts to support refugees, and historical memory of the Holocaust in Kentucky and Southern Indiana. This digitization project is in partnership with the Louisville Ballet's <em><a href="https://www.louisvilleballet.org/a-time-remembered/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A Time Remembered</a> </em>performance, which marks the 80th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau. <div><br />Holocaust-era family documents center on the Wolff, Levy, and Ackermann families who escaped to the United States from France and Austria, and ultimately settled in Louisville. Passports provide photographs of the family members and track their movements through countries. Letters document their efforts to navigate the administrative barriers to passage, and the tragic fate of relatives who were not approved to leave.<br /><br />Records from the National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section document the organization's activist work in fundraising for and directly serving refugees in the city, and political organizing around national immigration policies and economic boycotts of German-made goods. The collection includes sample correspondence from national organizations and individuals who supported and were against Zionism in response to the violent antisemitism of the Holocaust. <br /><br />The final items in the collection document Holocaust memorial events in the 1990s. Invitations, photographs, scripts, press releases, and articles represent the memorialization work of the Jewish Community Center, Jewish Community Federation of Louisville, <span>Louisville Ballet, Louisville Orchestra, and other  organizations.</span></div> <br />This project was generously supported by the Jewish Heritage Fund.<br /><br /><a href="https://jewishheritagefund.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img src="https://jewishheritagefund.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" alt="jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" width="306" height="58" /></a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1920, 1933-1990s Type The nature or genre of the resource Collection Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. URL https://filsonhistoricalomekaimages.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/mssbj_n277a_f014_002.pdf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Mss. BJ N277a Folder 014 Item 2 Title A name given to the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, Board meeting minutes, October 9, 1939 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Description An account of the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, Board meeting minutes for October 9, 1939. Committees on Americanization and Service to the foreign-born gave reports. An update from the National Council regarding refugee assistance is given: “During the summer, five persons have been helped with citizenship papers. 178 refugees are now living in this City, 14 of whom arrived during the summer. . . . the ten families that the National Refugee Service is pledged to take out of New York annually have been taken care of with homes, job, clothing, etc. The day camp for children during the summer was an unqualified success, in most instances showing a marked improvement in health and morale of the children. Mrs. Krupp, a trained worker, was employed by the Council to carry on a systematic plan for the children during the summer.” Correspondence read at the meeting concerns notes of appreciation, requests for volunteers and donations, and updates on programs and relief efforts. Mrs. Gertrude Glogower, National Chairman of German Jewish Children's Aid Inc., sent a letter of appreciation for the Council's support of Jewish Children, noting that the war has delayed efforts to relocate children from Europe to the US and that "There are 414 children in the United States today for which the Council is responsible and the National looks to the Sections for continued support." The Conference of Jewish Organizations sent a letter stating that $250 may be provided for "refugee work." The minutes also recount expenses and remaining Council funds for May through October. An insert into the minutes lists the Council’s general budget and committee budgets for 1939-1940. The minutes record a reminder to keep Board meeting discussions private until matters are discussed at general meetings. An extended discussion of Council business follows, including updates on finances, Working Rules, office terms, and resignations. Announcements about the upcoming Discussion Group and book review meeting are mentioned. The Council read a letter from the National Council “asking members individually and as a group to send letters to the proper officials in Washington upholding the President’s Neutrality laws and asking for a revision of the present ones.” Other updates concern the Student Loan Committee, the Committee of Social Welfare, and the Penny Lunch fund. The meeting ends with a request for members to pay their dues on time. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1940-03 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century 1930s Subject The topic of the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Jews Jewish women Women Children Refugees Immigrants Kentucky--Louisville Kentucky--Jefferson County Louisville (Ky.) World War, 1939-1945 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource minutes Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Mss. BJ N277a, Folder 014, National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Records, 1906-2020, The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. for other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Property rights in the collection belong to The Filson Historical Society. The Filson Historical Society can provide high-resolution scans of original source materials from its holdings for non-commercial and commercial use. To learn about this process, visit https://Filsonhistorical.org/collections/order-reproductions/ https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/34455/archive/files/a5289df54f5d184cc571c6b8f9da5e39.pdf?Expires=1779321600&Signature=TY%7En3We5NUPuUWj2u0WNSYTto5YalL7hqxO1mb6z8EQqGOo9J4ajBa2T4bC23acxavSJFSQwXJ9ZocEI6OrxwSaJ0J4yjCG8l4tfnBj6Ia7Zzj2BunGkOYYAGxiMawre4qc27Ich4VpHKEoP6rkwNb3HJCpvnB%7EdGkcewphEIE9hGYkqlD5hvw3ZyKf2mWdLaE0EKY%7ESjc4n7kssk0S9TkrAWM1CvbFRnk5dfKWRG7PqezGFGcNQR-1Y%7EIZkz2ATRcCNq0Va2d9dbD7gheAvj3hC2miVOE%7E95ig5hwFYoWXIbpmLxBHs8peF5NQKgutFlcvuQmLFzY1OyXvv6Fz8qQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM f102545656b5eb5586cd94ab278f3231 PDF Text Text ������ Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Holocaust and the Ohio Valley, 1920, 1933-1990s Description An account of the resource This collection consists of documents and photographs related to Jewish experiences in the Holocaust and World War II, Jewish American efforts to support refugees, and historical memory of the Holocaust in Kentucky and Southern Indiana. This digitization project is in partnership with the Louisville Ballet's <em><a href="https://www.louisvilleballet.org/a-time-remembered/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A Time Remembered</a> </em>performance, which marks the 80th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau. <div><br />Holocaust-era family documents center on the Wolff, Levy, and Ackermann families who escaped to the United States from France and Austria, and ultimately settled in Louisville. Passports provide photographs of the family members and track their movements through countries. Letters document their efforts to navigate the administrative barriers to passage, and the tragic fate of relatives who were not approved to leave.<br /><br />Records from the National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section document the organization's activist work in fundraising for and directly serving refugees in the city, and political organizing around national immigration policies and economic boycotts of German-made goods. The collection includes sample correspondence from national organizations and individuals who supported and were against Zionism in response to the violent antisemitism of the Holocaust. <br /><br />The final items in the collection document Holocaust memorial events in the 1990s. Invitations, photographs, scripts, press releases, and articles represent the memorialization work of the Jewish Community Center, Jewish Community Federation of Louisville, <span>Louisville Ballet, Louisville Orchestra, and other  organizations.</span></div> <br />This project was generously supported by the Jewish Heritage Fund.<br /><br /><a href="https://jewishheritagefund.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img src="https://jewishheritagefund.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" alt="jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" width="306" height="58" /></a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1920, 1933-1990s Type The nature or genre of the resource Collection Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. URL https://filsonhistoricalomekaimages.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/mssbj_n277a_f014_001.pdf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Mss. BJ N277a Folder 014 Item 1 Title A name given to the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, Board meeting minutes, May 22, 1939 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Description An account of the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, Board meeting minutes for May 22, 1939. As the first major point of business, the Bank Committee (German Children's Aid, Inc.) was converted "into a Standing Committee, since it had been in existence for one year." The minutes describe ongoing events and programs for the benefit of new Americans, including teas, English lessons, youth recreation, and funding citizenship applications. The minutes summarize a letter from Mrs. Blanche Goldman, National President, “warning against the danger of allowing the cancellation of personal obligations which involves curtailment of cooperation, and advising the continued liberal support to the foreign-born.” Other correspondence concerns upcoming conferences, a thank-you letter for “ice-cream sent children of the Kosair Crippled Home,” a request for charitable donations to the Jewish Braille Institute, and various notes of appreciation. In terms of other topics, the minutes opened with a list of officers, directors, and committee chairs. They then recount expenses and remaining Council funds for March through April. 36 members attended the meeting, and 218 members total paid their dues for the year. In an update on the Student Loan Committee, Mrs. J.M. Fuhrman, Chairman, notes that a student's loan had been "charged off the books due to extreme illness of the man in question" and half was repaid when he recovered even though the repayment was "absolutely unsolicited." Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1939-03-22 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century 1930s Subject The topic of the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Jews Jewish women Women Children Refugees Immigrants Kentucky--Louisville Kentucky--Jefferson County Louisville (Ky.) World War, 1939-1945 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource minutes Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Mss. BJ N277a, Folder 014, National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Records, 1906-2020, The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. for other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Property rights in the collection belong to The Filson Historical Society. The Filson Historical Society can provide high-resolution scans of original source materials from its holdings for non-commercial and commercial use. To learn about this process, visit https://Filsonhistorical.org/collections/order-reproductions/ https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/34455/archive/files/f6777a1cc29039b00f388abb01f03adf.pdf?Expires=1779321600&Signature=o7EUERGqUSBraYeQj6LQOXFelqIRxZ1cKvy5HtsGBiExfH42p0Ri8lN3TT6HctFiqXPMXRLe-YgXCpXX%7EIQWSjx8oELN3rO55-5Rzy4FUA0qdgGSQJUSaHv8gWGXB8VHO76-6R24ZfSNAwWIYxO20299uKaD1IAIbHYDXOqQ7peZXxutEbJ8liQSVZAdWBWM53LT2Il98EeU4PHiUruVQuNeMX1JbegavTNI2K9eecb3JWcGq1pQGjv0wT41%7EvT4cfODcRJgv6uX61qLGXhwJSQvSQ15GIdCHzrCY3ob9Owk8IAkYiNu-0SShJlD6UKrwpI3ez9m6SkhXtvVyKib8A__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 59d08552eee8b0e2dac76b4858e5515a PDF Text Text ���� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Holocaust and the Ohio Valley, 1920, 1933-1990s Description An account of the resource This collection consists of documents and photographs related to Jewish experiences in the Holocaust and World War II, Jewish American efforts to support refugees, and historical memory of the Holocaust in Kentucky and Southern Indiana. This digitization project is in partnership with the Louisville Ballet's <em><a href="https://www.louisvilleballet.org/a-time-remembered/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A Time Remembered</a> </em>performance, which marks the 80th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau. <div><br />Holocaust-era family documents center on the Wolff, Levy, and Ackermann families who escaped to the United States from France and Austria, and ultimately settled in Louisville. Passports provide photographs of the family members and track their movements through countries. Letters document their efforts to navigate the administrative barriers to passage, and the tragic fate of relatives who were not approved to leave.<br /><br />Records from the National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section document the organization's activist work in fundraising for and directly serving refugees in the city, and political organizing around national immigration policies and economic boycotts of German-made goods. The collection includes sample correspondence from national organizations and individuals who supported and were against Zionism in response to the violent antisemitism of the Holocaust. <br /><br />The final items in the collection document Holocaust memorial events in the 1990s. Invitations, photographs, scripts, press releases, and articles represent the memorialization work of the Jewish Community Center, Jewish Community Federation of Louisville, <span>Louisville Ballet, Louisville Orchestra, and other  organizations.</span></div> <br />This project was generously supported by the Jewish Heritage Fund.<br /><br /><a href="https://jewishheritagefund.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img src="https://jewishheritagefund.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" alt="jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" width="306" height="58" /></a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1920, 1933-1990s Type The nature or genre of the resource Collection Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. URL https://filsonhistoricalomekaimages.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/mssbj_n277a_f009_006.pdf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Mss. BJ N277a Folder 009 Item 6 Title A name given to the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, open meeting minutes, March 18, 1935 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Description An account of the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, open meeting minutes for March 18, 1935. The minutes announce that "Cecilia Rasovsky will be in Louisville on March 19th to confer wit the Louisville Committee on the placement of German Jewish children in homes. A meeting of the Executive Board with Miss Rasovsky is planned." There was an extended discussion of the fourteenth Triennial Convention in New Orleans, which was themed “What Do We Owe the Next Generation.” The minutes refer to “Resolutions concerning Munitions, World Court, Military Training in Schools and Colleges, Disarmament, League of Nations and Racial Relation.” National dues were increased “to $1.50 per person in order to carry on a broader social program which embodied the field work, a Nat’l quarterly bulletin for each Council member, birth control clinics, radio programs, continuation in work for German Jewish Children, and a religious educational project for the home teaching of children by mothers.” Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1935-03-18 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century 1930s Subject The topic of the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Jews Jewish women Women Children Kentucky--Louisville Kentucky--Jefferson County Louisville (Ky.) Anti-Nazi movement Immigration Immigrants Refugees Activism Political activists Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource minutes Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Mss. BJ N277a, Folder 009, National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Records, 1906-2020, The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. for other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Property rights in the collection belong to The Filson Historical Society. The Filson Historical Society can provide high-resolution scans of original source materials from its holdings for non-commercial and commercial use. To learn about this process, visit https://Filsonhistorical.org/collections/order-reproductions/ https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/34455/archive/files/a24c349ff97271d37545ad487ccac9f7.pdf?Expires=1779321600&Signature=XvhtI-jk7wkmFHRl9-7CF2aLecikVM%7Epxj9E5x7Es4GpE0BN0AtgNoJeNHPoqhmm99vSezpYgLF7j2In70f-UBt-vtMu1E4ZhwcrcjSTStE2vev65oFWwm2DLQUIUDlbL7K9Rg4VSaddLio7x23x9kxGEJNBF4CCbNkUE-PDQ05fvwC7fuNGCKyB8zPYxA3GWaGA9GVWL8h8SkAqieFwY-sUIrZ8HIeuyM2TcztBv2bucaU6EMxjvKABeGbLip3omBURu1WHU7lfTO50QySf54avd7QlQAZkVX-iTlIdTwQAlpVoNAUAls6UBNHkLmCDDBkh%7ESFfs6mhorKmd60uqw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 494df5eb62f57937e63859c2cf98379e PDF Text Text ������� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Holocaust and the Ohio Valley, 1920, 1933-1990s Description An account of the resource This collection consists of documents and photographs related to Jewish experiences in the Holocaust and World War II, Jewish American efforts to support refugees, and historical memory of the Holocaust in Kentucky and Southern Indiana. This digitization project is in partnership with the Louisville Ballet's <em><a href="https://www.louisvilleballet.org/a-time-remembered/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A Time Remembered</a> </em>performance, which marks the 80th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau. <div><br />Holocaust-era family documents center on the Wolff, Levy, and Ackermann families who escaped to the United States from France and Austria, and ultimately settled in Louisville. Passports provide photographs of the family members and track their movements through countries. Letters document their efforts to navigate the administrative barriers to passage, and the tragic fate of relatives who were not approved to leave.<br /><br />Records from the National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section document the organization's activist work in fundraising for and directly serving refugees in the city, and political organizing around national immigration policies and economic boycotts of German-made goods. The collection includes sample correspondence from national organizations and individuals who supported and were against Zionism in response to the violent antisemitism of the Holocaust. <br /><br />The final items in the collection document Holocaust memorial events in the 1990s. Invitations, photographs, scripts, press releases, and articles represent the memorialization work of the Jewish Community Center, Jewish Community Federation of Louisville, <span>Louisville Ballet, Louisville Orchestra, and other  organizations.</span></div> <br />This project was generously supported by the Jewish Heritage Fund.<br /><br /><a href="https://jewishheritagefund.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img src="https://jewishheritagefund.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" alt="jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" width="306" height="58" /></a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1920, 1933-1990s Type The nature or genre of the resource Collection Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. URL https://filsonhistoricalomekaimages.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/mssbj_n277a_f009_004.pdf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Mss. BJ N277a Folder 009 Item 4 Title A name given to the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, Board meeting minutes, December 18, 1935 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Description An account of the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, open meeting minutes for December 18, 1934. During the correspondence portion of the meeting, the Council read a letter from National President Fanny Brin “requesting further co-operation in securing additional passage money for Jewish children of Germany to this country and for the securing of private homes for the placement of the children.” The Council also received acknowledgement for the money already donated “for the passage of two German Jewish children.” The minutes also recount expenses and remaining Council funds for October through December. The Penny Lunch Committee reported that 38 lunches per week and 5 breakfasts per day were being served each day to children in the lunchroom. The total cost of the lunches per week was $9.50. Updates were given regarding the next book review meeting and “Contemporary Jewish Problems Class conducted by Rabbi Solomon N. Bazell.” Reports were also given by the Committee on Drives regarding the Red Cross Drive, the Student Loan fund, the Membership Committee, the Committee on Ways and Means regarding the Council cookbook, and the Memorial fund. The Council read letters relaying appreciation for various local efforts, including “jellies and preserves” donated to the Jewish Children’s Home, and updates on local happenings, including Y.M.H.A. performances and the availability of a report on Public Schools by Griffenhagen Associates. Many of the letters pertained to national matters. The Louisville Board of Trade, Civic and Welfare Endorsement Committee, sent a letter “advising the presence in the community of undesired individuals soliciting funds under false representations.” Letters also covered the National Conference on the Cause and Cure of War in Washington, D.C., National Council efforts to reach out to former members who may rejoin and non-members in small communities, and upcoming National Council elections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1935-12-18 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century 1930s Subject The topic of the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Jews Jewish women Women Children Kentucky--Louisville Kentucky--Jefferson County Louisville (Ky.) Anti-Nazi movement Immigration Immigrants Refugees Activism Political activists Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource minutes Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Mss. BJ N277a, Folder 009, National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Records, 1906-2020, The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. for other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Property rights in the collection belong to The Filson Historical Society. The Filson Historical Society can provide high-resolution scans of original source materials from its holdings for non-commercial and commercial use. To learn about this process, visit https://Filsonhistorical.org/collections/order-reproductions/ https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/34455/archive/files/4898bc6b271552854b71d52843bd0031.pdf?Expires=1779321600&Signature=VKZ7IM0PsPG6ByKK0khRRVfU-UT4pku7Moun9AoAU8c4EMsfnH4t1MU2OMxw%7ENkWAimTCFlwOeo3FOBPboxFOXxqp37dEtw1HxuVyQHVoZagtIriwfDB4grtK8C9QvCxugmYDZ23HBH9FjTd9eTu6xcZ7oYRNSyryo1IZA1OU7x783l3JvoWwmhSblsjP1IbSit-SekVBSE8-rIocVT46LVeqHi8G0sknX6rMJRDWom1ZuBIpje9fjLauICW0iC7l9c%7EKohdQ0c69NniVhbOyPcHvkU83%7EJl5rlLZA6pfvdpT8dHP1zljVUfhLtYmLyDyY%7EVR-sugBH1w6iVkscscw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM abe9920694f45f723f1037d76c9b6d5f PDF Text Text ����� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Holocaust and the Ohio Valley, 1920, 1933-1990s Description An account of the resource This collection consists of documents and photographs related to Jewish experiences in the Holocaust and World War II, Jewish American efforts to support refugees, and historical memory of the Holocaust in Kentucky and Southern Indiana. This digitization project is in partnership with the Louisville Ballet's <em><a href="https://www.louisvilleballet.org/a-time-remembered/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A Time Remembered</a> </em>performance, which marks the 80th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau. <div><br />Holocaust-era family documents center on the Wolff, Levy, and Ackermann families who escaped to the United States from France and Austria, and ultimately settled in Louisville. Passports provide photographs of the family members and track their movements through countries. Letters document their efforts to navigate the administrative barriers to passage, and the tragic fate of relatives who were not approved to leave.<br /><br />Records from the National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section document the organization's activist work in fundraising for and directly serving refugees in the city, and political organizing around national immigration policies and economic boycotts of German-made goods. The collection includes sample correspondence from national organizations and individuals who supported and were against Zionism in response to the violent antisemitism of the Holocaust. <br /><br />The final items in the collection document Holocaust memorial events in the 1990s. Invitations, photographs, scripts, press releases, and articles represent the memorialization work of the Jewish Community Center, Jewish Community Federation of Louisville, <span>Louisville Ballet, Louisville Orchestra, and other  organizations.</span></div> <br />This project was generously supported by the Jewish Heritage Fund.<br /><br /><a href="https://jewishheritagefund.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img src="https://jewishheritagefund.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" alt="jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" width="306" height="58" /></a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1920, 1933-1990s Type The nature or genre of the resource Collection Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. URL https://filsonhistoricalomekaimages.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/mssbj_n277a_f009_003.pdf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Mss. BJ N277a Folder 009 Item 3 Title A name given to the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, Board meeting minutes, April 8, 1935 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Description An account of the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, Board meeting minutes for April 8, 1935. Mrs. Theresa Bernheim was announced as the new “Chairman of the local Jewish Committee on the placement of German Jewish Children in homes,” and it was reported that “five children are to be placed in this community.” The Council discussed changes in the bank used for a safety deposit box and contributions to the Hadassah. There was an extended discussion of the fourteenth Triennial Convention in New Orleans, which was themed “What Do We Owe the Next Generation.” The minutes refer to “resolutions concerning munitions, World Court, Military Training in Schools and Colleges, Disarmament, League of Nations and Racial Relation.” National dues were increased “to $1.50 per person in order to carry on a broader social program which embodied the field work, a Nat’l quarterly bulletin for each Council member, birth control clinics, radio programs, continuation in work for German Jewish Children, and a religious educational project for the home teaching of children by mothers.” Additional discussions concerned charitable funding for a Women’s Club float, a joint tea and musical event with the Adath Israel Sisterhood and Bi-state Sisterhood, and clothing donations for the Council birthday party at Waverly Hills Sanatorium. The Penny Lunch fund and the Committee on Ways and Means both reported positive financial situations for free lunches and cookbook sales. The correspondence read at this meeting concerned letters of appreciation to and from the Council, “changes in immigration and naturalization laws pending for consideration in Congress,” charitable contributions, and upcoming events. The minutes conclude with a reminder to Board Members “to keep secret all matters discussed at the Board meetings until presentation of these matters had been made at Open Meetings.” Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1935-04-08 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century 1930s Subject The topic of the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Jews Jewish women Women Children Kentucky--Louisville Kentucky--Jefferson County Louisville (Ky.) Anti-Nazi movement Immigration Immigrants Children Refugees Activism Political activists Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource minutes Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Mss. BJ N277a, Folder 009, National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Records, 1906-2020, The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. for other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Property rights in the collection belong to The Filson Historical Society. The Filson Historical Society can provide high-resolution scans of original source materials from its holdings for non-commercial and commercial use. To learn about this process, visit https://Filsonhistorical.org/collections/order-reproductions/ https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/34455/archive/files/d259421ae5655123b83598cdb0e31f4d.pdf?Expires=1779321600&Signature=TKe8C%7EU4fhwRoz7c4N1QSL-l7v9hBXRswGNUKxZZLU5oSjeadn1e1c85L3q1HNiYvutyQoIoMP0c7pPW4fIaYzdmXCLMCXmMyMlQxTEMkUvvKhypJ0xOFtZGOoqV-ezRyIgkuLDsS5v0YltU%7E%7EYGrOdJNeIKuBPsO47Ex54mmSHezb6LxkLW4MYZ4TUselb%7ERsF%7EBvlnoJswUCfHBb5MzGkhPT5bTI0NmSp3nGkqR4FDTsa5-Ej%7EpP90GbHb49y7ELOxOJAY6yUXpIfgLCl9UDP1th2l0PDI2I4qHLt-gj5tktO7kw32dK-BfHFiE71XWxPD5N5KMpzX%7ESJHqNyEhQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 0f0dbe9fd23668df5470272cdeee5146 PDF Text Text �������� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Holocaust and the Ohio Valley, 1920, 1933-1990s Description An account of the resource This collection consists of documents and photographs related to Jewish experiences in the Holocaust and World War II, Jewish American efforts to support refugees, and historical memory of the Holocaust in Kentucky and Southern Indiana. This digitization project is in partnership with the Louisville Ballet's <em><a href="https://www.louisvilleballet.org/a-time-remembered/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A Time Remembered</a> </em>performance, which marks the 80th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau. <div><br />Holocaust-era family documents center on the Wolff, Levy, and Ackermann families who escaped to the United States from France and Austria, and ultimately settled in Louisville. Passports provide photographs of the family members and track their movements through countries. Letters document their efforts to navigate the administrative barriers to passage, and the tragic fate of relatives who were not approved to leave.<br /><br />Records from the National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section document the organization's activist work in fundraising for and directly serving refugees in the city, and political organizing around national immigration policies and economic boycotts of German-made goods. The collection includes sample correspondence from national organizations and individuals who supported and were against Zionism in response to the violent antisemitism of the Holocaust. <br /><br />The final items in the collection document Holocaust memorial events in the 1990s. Invitations, photographs, scripts, press releases, and articles represent the memorialization work of the Jewish Community Center, Jewish Community Federation of Louisville, <span>Louisville Ballet, Louisville Orchestra, and other  organizations.</span></div> <br />This project was generously supported by the Jewish Heritage Fund.<br /><br /><a href="https://jewishheritagefund.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img src="https://jewishheritagefund.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" alt="jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" width="306" height="58" /></a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1920, 1933-1990s Type The nature or genre of the resource Collection Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. URL https://filsonhistoricalomekaimages.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/mssbj_n277a_f009_001.pdf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Mss. BJ N277a Folder 009 Item 1 Title A name given to the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, Board meeting minutes, May 14, 1934 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Description An account of the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, Board meeting minutes for May 14, 1934. The Committee on Service to the foreign Born reported on a Young Men's Hebrew Association (YMHA) citizenship class. The Council discussed sending delegates to the Convention of the Kentucky Federation of Women’s Clubs and budgets “for the relief of German Jewish Children.” During the correspondence part of the meeting, an extended discussion followed regarding the German Jewish Children’s Aid, Inc., and efforts “to bring approximately 250 German Jewish Children to the United States.” The National Council sent a letter “emphatically requesting that there be no solicitation or collection of small continuations from Sections or Section members for the transportation of German Jewish Children to this country." The minutes also recount expenses and remaining Council funds for March through May. The Committee on Social Welfare report requested donations to the Jewish Children’s Home and a Council birthday party at Waverly Hills Sanatorium. Additional reports were made by the Committee on Hospital Circles. Correspondence read in this meeting covers messages of appreciation, funding for YMHA camp attendance and other charitable causes, and discussions with the Retail Merchants Association regarding returned merchandise. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1934-05-14 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century 1930s Subject The topic of the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Jews Jewish women Women Children Refugees Immigrants Kentucky--Louisville Kentucky--Jefferson County Louisville (Ky.) Anti-Nazi movement Political activists Activism Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource minutes Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Mss. BJ N277a, Folder 009, National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Records, 1906-2020, The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. for other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Property rights in the collection belong to The Filson Historical Society. The Filson Historical Society can provide high-resolution scans of original source materials from its holdings for non-commercial and commercial use. To learn about this process, visit https://Filsonhistorical.org/collections/order-reproductions/ https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/34455/archive/files/1e8fd0b3fb21393ed9d3a6f8fa3fcd3d.pdf?Expires=1779321600&Signature=TB8B0BeR68uCcBHjBMtyXsNA2c-so4t2Y-4MkJPJq5OPqj-5z674TGveJDT6jvwCR50mBOG6xcfwqZGY1f6W4-tqFO4zaeHbolp-fUAqxuohqmLG9zvaPV%7EYRBcdcSsjY9xvheoUStrOdxACp5yG8oF1xEUwHXi%7EMyH3srFeh6P4kHcFu61X4qtDXRkMmrAOtfmGAtZY8eqdyEWW8UR0urWuzPNok5qydtklw1aQ0i9DBwu0aeoFYH8UO2gCfyaZgMsGybIUkiAWCJkabXgrhPA6Hp798fjOxnDXpAYeqCxMFdidrd8jEllcpPp18gb5fGk--0zDNIkuAloEPqm9yw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 17a9062da7c9d36065890a96e71e024e PDF Text Text ����� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Holocaust and the Ohio Valley, 1920, 1933-1990s Description An account of the resource This collection consists of documents and photographs related to Jewish experiences in the Holocaust and World War II, Jewish American efforts to support refugees, and historical memory of the Holocaust in Kentucky and Southern Indiana. This digitization project is in partnership with the Louisville Ballet's <em><a href="https://www.louisvilleballet.org/a-time-remembered/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A Time Remembered</a> </em>performance, which marks the 80th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau. <div><br />Holocaust-era family documents center on the Wolff, Levy, and Ackermann families who escaped to the United States from France and Austria, and ultimately settled in Louisville. Passports provide photographs of the family members and track their movements through countries. Letters document their efforts to navigate the administrative barriers to passage, and the tragic fate of relatives who were not approved to leave.<br /><br />Records from the National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section document the organization's activist work in fundraising for and directly serving refugees in the city, and political organizing around national immigration policies and economic boycotts of German-made goods. The collection includes sample correspondence from national organizations and individuals who supported and were against Zionism in response to the violent antisemitism of the Holocaust. <br /><br />The final items in the collection document Holocaust memorial events in the 1990s. Invitations, photographs, scripts, press releases, and articles represent the memorialization work of the Jewish Community Center, Jewish Community Federation of Louisville, <span>Louisville Ballet, Louisville Orchestra, and other  organizations.</span></div> <br />This project was generously supported by the Jewish Heritage Fund.<br /><br /><a href="https://jewishheritagefund.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img src="https://jewishheritagefund.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" alt="jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" width="306" height="58" /></a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1920, 1933-1990s Type The nature or genre of the resource Collection Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. URL https://filsonhistoricalomekaimages.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/mssbj_n277a_f008_007.pdf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Mss. BJ N277a Folder 008 Item 7 Title A name given to the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section, open meeting minutes, April 16, 1934 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Description An account of the resource National Council of Jewish Women Annual Luncheon Meeting minutes for April 16, 1934. As a follow-up to the March open meeting, the Council discussed “the action of the National Board relative to its activities in relief work for German Jewish Children.” The Council decided “that whatever balance remained on hand in the General fund at the end of the year be set aside for relief in the aiding of German Jewish Children.” Reports were given by the Committees on Education, Penny Lunch, Social Welfare, Hospital Circles, Student Loans, and Memorial funds. The upcoming book review meeting and talk by Rabbi Wise were announced, and the Council discussed the proposed “study group on ‘Anit-Semitism’ . . . under the leadership of Rabbi Solomon N. Bazzell.” The Nominating Committee report lists officers for 1934-36 and directors for 1934-37. “Mrs. E.H. Wehle reported on plans for systematizing the library at Waverly Hills Sanitarium and requested contributions for magazine subscriptions.” The correspondence section of the meeting covers discussions about the Copeland Pure food and Drugs Bill, local charitable events, and messages of thanks. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1934-04-16 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century 1930s Subject The topic of the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Jews Jewish women Women Children Refugees Immigrants Kentucky--Louisville Kentucky--Jefferson County Louisville (Ky.) Anti-Nazi movement Political activists Activism Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource minutes Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Mss. BJ N277a, Folder 008, National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Records, 1906-2020, The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. for other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Property rights in the collection belong to The Filson Historical Society. The Filson Historical Society can provide high-resolution scans of original source materials from its holdings for non-commercial and commercial use. To learn about this process, visit https://Filsonhistorical.org/collections/order-reproductions/ https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/34455/archive/files/aa89924dcb8fe30352c1910388ccd07f.pdf?Expires=1779321600&Signature=uhMXbAkfjnrbV4jqNtHOx6sXxyyyUvqZNVl%7E3K8lEG9SJFBQlUYocSAccPgugyMFnM2sWKePzzl4lYmDQO2xhM26RmMLU6v71O%7EAxi6kewWOB6DtPW4EIR1CPOLXCwrc7KgPjD3v99sBuVHmgp3DJLYLxRQMsiNrXfxGjRFmP5RvLWcvJRHY-YfutsfS2Hp1qZnEzKBOBYSCnvii13uK97D8Jjdv-B5FlCqZoUNBqzIG4SPAM0RNqRvLttgut7tyV1evE8FVaZ17BWHzsUAhifefKN4bQVpF9cMviTKYy3tzkFsa8PhyXHeGC5c%7EdSXED6VGuy-0Gw4XXB6H0u1UMg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 7e3b2b77c3ad432c3868f06f58ecfb53 PDF Text Text ����� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Holocaust and the Ohio Valley, 1920, 1933-1990s Description An account of the resource This collection consists of documents and photographs related to Jewish experiences in the Holocaust and World War II, Jewish American efforts to support refugees, and historical memory of the Holocaust in Kentucky and Southern Indiana. This digitization project is in partnership with the Louisville Ballet's <em><a href="https://www.louisvilleballet.org/a-time-remembered/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A Time Remembered</a> </em>performance, which marks the 80th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau. <div><br />Holocaust-era family documents center on the Wolff, Levy, and Ackermann families who escaped to the United States from France and Austria, and ultimately settled in Louisville. Passports provide photographs of the family members and track their movements through countries. Letters document their efforts to navigate the administrative barriers to passage, and the tragic fate of relatives who were not approved to leave.<br /><br />Records from the National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section document the organization's activist work in fundraising for and directly serving refugees in the city, and political organizing around national immigration policies and economic boycotts of German-made goods. The collection includes sample correspondence from national organizations and individuals who supported and were against Zionism in response to the violent antisemitism of the Holocaust. <br /><br />The final items in the collection document Holocaust memorial events in the 1990s. Invitations, photographs, scripts, press releases, and articles represent the memorialization work of the Jewish Community Center, Jewish Community Federation of Louisville, <span>Louisville Ballet, Louisville Orchestra, and other  organizations.</span></div> <br />This project was generously supported by the Jewish Heritage Fund.<br /><br /><a href="https://jewishheritagefund.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img src="https://jewishheritagefund.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" alt="jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" width="306" height="58" /></a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1920, 1933-1990s Type The nature or genre of the resource Collection Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. URL https://filsonhistoricalomekaimages.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/mssbj_n277a_f008_006.pdf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Mss. BJ N277a Folder 008 Item 6 Title A name given to the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section, open meeting minutes, March 19, 1934 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Description An account of the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, open meeting minutes for March 19, 1934. The Council discusses the possibility of joining the Louisville Conference of Jewish Organizations. A letter from Mrs. Fanny Brin, National President, concerns the Committee on Aid to German Children and finding places for German children to stay. In relation to the ongoing boycott of German-made goods, a letter is read from the Non-Sectarian Anti-Nazi League regarding fabric gloves made in other countries. The minutes recount the expenses and remaining Council funds for February through March. Next, “Miss Mary Hicks of the City Health Council . . . gave a short talk on Negro Health Week observance.” The Nominating Committee report lists officers for 1934-36 and directors for 1934-37. Announcements for upcoming book review sessions, community events, and talks follow. Additional letters concern notes of appreciation, upcoming events, and the Tydings Resolution. The meeting closes with a musical program and discussion of french composers. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1934-03-19 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century 1930s Subject The topic of the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Jews Jewish women Women Children Refugees Immigrants Kentucky--Louisville Kentucky--Jefferson County Louisville (Ky.) Anti-Nazi movement Political activists Activism Boycotts Anti-German boycotts Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource minutes Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Mss. BJ N277a, Folder 008, National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Records, 1906-2020, The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. for other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Property rights in the collection belong to The Filson Historical Society. The Filson Historical Society can provide high-resolution scans of original source materials from its holdings for non-commercial and commercial use. To learn about this process, visit https://Filsonhistorical.org/collections/order-reproductions/ https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/34455/archive/files/8265c24b300b7fa50c7e6d7ec77c7c89.pdf?Expires=1779321600&Signature=C1y9LAVzSPrB1487q5rRsKsFYWMF5Xn-A8HQ%7E4uu1qb55wd%7EhxaV7V7JJp0MsOxKGjPb2vRTgz0ML7J5HUN0dHQxzFJYLe4IV-%7E-3EevQEvdds9HJDso1J7JENSzu5XxrfE-4TP-KfxCBkotSGbC4RKwzFLLAvzn13Ax-K9J62QUfqeqUpm%7ENU0ZxnU9W7fTtlSI8kKSpOGQetF97tcP9EMViDdHywVzuI8tWk6XbGT0b5Li9fjarO7t8TVvkXrUgWGfTdwN9ElpLiEzH9defyU4EyUagCwXAoB8OfgEpIUTCzMrTJLRPjdRE2gbEifOR-%7E4IQwEbPATT488hdrhuw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 8b2ad268a9e30078410591f6b2ce007b PDF Text Text ����� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Holocaust and the Ohio Valley, 1920, 1933-1990s Description An account of the resource This collection consists of documents and photographs related to Jewish experiences in the Holocaust and World War II, Jewish American efforts to support refugees, and historical memory of the Holocaust in Kentucky and Southern Indiana. This digitization project is in partnership with the Louisville Ballet's <em><a href="https://www.louisvilleballet.org/a-time-remembered/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A Time Remembered</a> </em>performance, which marks the 80th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau. <div><br />Holocaust-era family documents center on the Wolff, Levy, and Ackermann families who escaped to the United States from France and Austria, and ultimately settled in Louisville. Passports provide photographs of the family members and track their movements through countries. Letters document their efforts to navigate the administrative barriers to passage, and the tragic fate of relatives who were not approved to leave.<br /><br />Records from the National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section document the organization's activist work in fundraising for and directly serving refugees in the city, and political organizing around national immigration policies and economic boycotts of German-made goods. The collection includes sample correspondence from national organizations and individuals who supported and were against Zionism in response to the violent antisemitism of the Holocaust. <br /><br />The final items in the collection document Holocaust memorial events in the 1990s. Invitations, photographs, scripts, press releases, and articles represent the memorialization work of the Jewish Community Center, Jewish Community Federation of Louisville, <span>Louisville Ballet, Louisville Orchestra, and other  organizations.</span></div> <br />This project was generously supported by the Jewish Heritage Fund.<br /><br /><a href="https://jewishheritagefund.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img src="https://jewishheritagefund.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" alt="jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" width="306" height="58" /></a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1920, 1933-1990s Type The nature or genre of the resource Collection Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. URL https://filsonhistoricalomekaimages.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/mssbj_n277a_f008_003.pdf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Mss. BJ N277a Folder 008 Item 3 Title A name given to the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section, Board meeting minutes, April 9, 1934 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Description An account of the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, Board meeting minutes for April 9, 934. These meeting minutes cover local Council affairs and matters of national and international importance. The minutes recount the year's expenses and remaining Council funds. The Council decided “that whatever balance remained on hand in the General fund at the end of the year be set aside for relief in the aiding of German Jewish Children.” The meeting covered reports from various Committees, including the Committee on Education, the Penny Lunch fund, and the Student loan fund. The planned “study groups on Anti-Semitism” was set for the fall “under the leadership of Rabbi Solomon N. Bazell.” Additional community events and talks were discussed. The correspondence portion of the meeting addressed letters regarding upcoming radio broadcasts by national President Mrs. Fanny Brin about “The World Conscience and Anti-Semitism” the National Council’s “support of the principles of the Copeland Pure food and Drug Bill” and various letters about local news and expressions of thanks. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1934-04-09 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century 1930s Subject The topic of the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Jews Jewish women Women Children Refugees Immigrants Kentucky--Louisville Kentucky--Jefferson County Louisville (Ky.) Anti-Nazi movement Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource minutes Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Mss. BJ N277a, Folder 008, National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Records, 1906-2020, The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. for other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Property rights in the collection belong to The Filson Historical Society. The Filson Historical Society can provide high-resolution scans of original source materials from its holdings for non-commercial and commercial use. To learn about this process, visit https://Filsonhistorical.org/collections/order-reproductions/ https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/34455/archive/files/838462f47e6781cc3501ac35825390a6.pdf?Expires=1779321600&Signature=NJgOUh6kv%7EuSrE2i-JmXbQwjyXIHEDtmKqgetdEhIh2aziu-mxd7j9va5lvyoyVDucTSLDr-azjuwYEhdP3FHEbt1pgsLIMpNPQZyFYSkHQnAq%7Ewq282eOLDJ%7EMgPOCkEYk%7EYgXdzUqA-7nngFeF6iEZrOppbWU1Tlrx4K6xB1KLIZMM1YR3N6yp4QDcVRe-HgQTeqqG05dD07IbI5OgtmTp5MMHMkJ8iJNA-D4LzMlIZ0zCKms%7EMq83uudFPWQw3ilC3gWMAr%7EqZL8y8CVY5zDatvw7Sv9KrtCIpd-b2jyH6oBSXUyL1na7vjtB5mHcdUg9lzDdiGoKgMms3q8cUg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM a5e03e727713caa01c716f30a59a8b88 PDF Text Text ������ Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Holocaust and the Ohio Valley, 1920, 1933-1990s Description An account of the resource This collection consists of documents and photographs related to Jewish experiences in the Holocaust and World War II, Jewish American efforts to support refugees, and historical memory of the Holocaust in Kentucky and Southern Indiana. This digitization project is in partnership with the Louisville Ballet's <em><a href="https://www.louisvilleballet.org/a-time-remembered/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A Time Remembered</a> </em>performance, which marks the 80th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau. <div><br />Holocaust-era family documents center on the Wolff, Levy, and Ackermann families who escaped to the United States from France and Austria, and ultimately settled in Louisville. Passports provide photographs of the family members and track their movements through countries. Letters document their efforts to navigate the administrative barriers to passage, and the tragic fate of relatives who were not approved to leave.<br /><br />Records from the National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section document the organization's activist work in fundraising for and directly serving refugees in the city, and political organizing around national immigration policies and economic boycotts of German-made goods. The collection includes sample correspondence from national organizations and individuals who supported and were against Zionism in response to the violent antisemitism of the Holocaust. <br /><br />The final items in the collection document Holocaust memorial events in the 1990s. Invitations, photographs, scripts, press releases, and articles represent the memorialization work of the Jewish Community Center, Jewish Community Federation of Louisville, <span>Louisville Ballet, Louisville Orchestra, and other  organizations.</span></div> <br />This project was generously supported by the Jewish Heritage Fund.<br /><br /><a href="https://jewishheritagefund.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img src="https://jewishheritagefund.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" alt="jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" width="306" height="58" /></a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1920, 1933-1990s Type The nature or genre of the resource Collection Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. URL https://filsonhistoricalomekaimages.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/mssbj_n277a_f008_002.pdf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Mss. BJ N277a Folder 008 Item 2 Title A name given to the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, Board meeting minutes, March 12, 1934 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Description An account of the resource National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section, Board meeting minutes for March 12, 1934. Two letters discussed at the meeting relate to boycotting German goods and where to acquire items such as fabric gloves from other suppliers. A letter from National President Mrs. Fanny Brin provides updates about sanctioning the "the American Palestine Campaign to raise funds for the settlement of German Jews in Palestine." Other topics are an overview of funding and volunteer situations for the Penny Lunch Committee, Student Loan Committee, Committee on Social Welfare, and anti-Nazi propaganda efforts. The board decided to form a study group related to the anti-propaganda efforts. The minutes then turn to correspondence received by the board. The board decided to join the Louisville Conference of Jewish Organizations and discussed details of membership requirements. One letter requests that Mrs. J.M. Fuhrman join the Recreation Advisory Board and another is a letter of appreciation for donations of jellies to the Jewish Children's Home. The final letter concerns the movement to allow "delegates to the Kentucky federation of Women's Club to be empowered to act for the Council at meetings of the federation" in May. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1934-03-12 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century 1930s Subject The topic of the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Jews Jewish women Women Children Refugees Immigrants Kentucky--Louisville Kentucky--Jefferson County Louisville (Ky.) Anti-German boycotts Boycotts Anti-Nazi movement Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource minutes Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Mss. BJ N277a, Folder 008, National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Records, 1906-2020, The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. for other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Property rights in the collection belong to The Filson Historical Society. The Filson Historical Society can provide high-resolution scans of original source materials from its holdings for non-commercial and commercial use. To learn about this process, visit https://Filsonhistorical.org/collections/order-reproductions/ https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/34455/archive/files/e3c8ba14d052639c4dfbeb157d93dd33.pdf?Expires=1779321600&Signature=vBcIqIcbqdnoAFzSTto7kkRZnmmo6GTbAka%7Ev3FZ30X0-JvIoLs1sqOKvdQ2nEECk89aie9PjipfTu1itmsmbsAc6KhbrHkYzPnrYUsPHw5v-gd39uV3pAdgN-isQ6Uf3g42zhSIbp7mj7Uvxrjf-IDCWd5BgQUqJ7ZI3KVuM7ENPNlhPOL91vmRjQXZGTQg5bij6SjnaMT1K7sPhJiCphbDsmf92i26HhCAbdBWMKG3zcHirw9jLzfqzxWSnnwYRUfhFg55asDdhrw3JeOD1hGd6p4bgOhn1j0P5Yi7yxl5cJBgSG7EqKOGPDK4GIljMLucUVrTDPlIUI3x2e4aag__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 359f1cff620796b6a70033057a2f3451 PDF Text Text Sec. 562 P. L. & R. Vol. 20 FEBRUARY, 1942 No. 20 CALENDAR OF EVENTS Thursday, February 5 — Supper Meeting o£ Evening Group. Assembly Hall, 6 P. M. Adath Israel Monday, February 9—Executive Board Meeting. Adath Israel Library, 10 A. M. Monday, February 16—International Relations and Contemporary Jewish Affairs Study Groups. Adath Israel Library, 11 A. M. Monday, February 16—Annual Luncheon and Play. Brown Hotel, Crystal Ball Room, 1 P. M. Monday, February 23—International Relations and Contemporary Jewish Affairs Study Groups. Adath Israel Library, 11 A. M �Officers Mrs. Herman Handm aker..............President Mrs. Silas H. Starr........ First Vice-President Mrs. Robert Simons.—Second Vice-President Miss Jessie Grauman.... Financial Secretary Mrs. Phillip Grossman....Corresponding Sec’y Mrs. Louis Nagel............Recording Secretary Mrs. Carl K. Helman......................Treasurer Mrs. Harry F. Cohen.......................... Auditor Please use your regular monthly Section meeting to emphasize the need for intensi­ fying rather than neglecting the basic Coun­ cil program. As President of your Section, you can set the pace which will keep your Section and its members on the job. Cordially yours, Blanche Goldman Mrs. Maurice L. Goldman, President. COUNCIL VOLUNTEERS Mrs. Oscar L. Sales, Chairman Miss Eva Bandman, Vice-Chairman The following messages are a reprint of a telegram sent on December 8th to Presi­ dent Roosevelt placing the resources of the National Council of Jewish Women at the disposal of the United States Government; and a note of thanks dated December 10th from Mr. Stephen Early, in the President’s name. Mrs. Robert Simons Mrs. Max Bornstein Mrs. Joseph Turnheim Honorable Franklin D. Roosevelt President of the United States The White House Washington, D. C. Board of Directors ATTENTION! Our president, Mrs. Herman Handmaker, has received the following communication from Mrs. Maurice L. Goldman, national president, relating to the present crisis. We will all do well to heed her sound advice remembering that doing our every day tasks is part of defense. Her message follows: Dear Madam President: In time of war there is a dangerous ten­ dency for people to throw overboard all activities which appear to have no immedi­ ate relationship to the battlefield. Part of the Council’s job in this national crisis will be to discourage this hysteria which can be so damaging to our country, and to encour­ age the clear thinking which will recognize the significance of long-range social planning in the Victory Program. Certainly your members will be occupied to a great extent with defense meetings, first-aid sessions and other emergency acti­ vities. Our work with the foreign born, our study groups and social welfare projects are registered with local Defense Councils as an integral part of our contribution to national unity and civilian morale. We cannot and must not shirk these responsi­ bilities. Dear Mr. President: The National Council of Jewish Women considers it a privilege to put its resources at the disposal of the United States Govern­ ment. I hope that, in this grave emergency, our facilities for reaching thousands of American families and for training women for constructive service can be used to the best advantage of the nation. I need hardly add that the support of our sixty thousand members stands solidly behind any action which our government finds it necessary to take. Respectfully yours, Mrs. Maurice L. Goldman, President. My dear Mrs. Goldman: Permit me, in the President’s name, to thank you and your associates for your tele­ gram. The pledges of patriotic support which have been received from the many, many loyal citizens in all parts of the coun­ try have given the President strength and courage to carry out the will of the Ameri­ can people. For the splendid assurance conveyed in your message he is more appreciative than he can say. Very sincerely yours, Stephen Early, Secretary to the President. �ALERT The Committee on Social Legislation an­ nounces the beginning of its Study Group for 1942, on Thursday, January 22, at 10:30 A. M., in the Library of Temple Adath Israel. The Committee has been reorganized with Mrs. Charles W. Morris as Chairman, Mrs. Lewis W. Cole, Vice Chairman, Mrs. Leo Weil, Secretary and Mrs. Samuel Greenebaum, Jr., State Chairman of Social Legisla­ tion, as Mentor for the Study Group. The Committee plans an elementary study of legislative processes before con­ sidering specific legislation, which study should prove extremely helpful to the novice in this subject. Jewish women in particular must prepare themselves to understand and participate in their government, so that they may be in the forefront of all efforts to protect the democratic spirit, to alleviate through peace­ ful reform those inequalities and economic miseries in which group tensions breed. All Council members interested in this vitally important study group are cordially invited to contact one of the above men­ tioned officers of this committee. AT EASE! The free lending library conducted by the hospital circles has been in operation since December 16th. The committee feels that this new Council project has filled a definite need and is giving service that is deeply appreciated. We are always in need of books and will gladly call for them. Lillian M. Frehling, Chairman, Hospital Circles TAylor 8923 NO BLACKOUT FOR OUR ALIENS Now that our country is at war, the alien in our midst needs the help of the National Council of Jewish Women more than ever before. He faces special problems today as he suddenly finds himself classified as an alien. The Committee on Service to the Foreign Born, under the able leadership of Mrs. Arthur Kling, has taken on the ex­ tended responsibility of protecting the alien for discrimination. The plan of the National Council is that the committee interview as many aliens as possible in order to tabulate their ability and to direct them to civilian defense projects already under way. Through the excellent cooperation of Mr. Eli H. Brown HI, United States District Attorney, our aliens had been notified of the Presi­ dent’s proclamation before it appeared in the press and over the radio. After the rul­ ings went into effect a letter of explanation went out to every alien on the mailing list. Included with the letter was a questionnaire to all women aliens and a Civilian Defense registration blank. These letters were typed by members of the Evening Group. The Study Group in American History for New Americans has been meeting regularly every Wednesday night under the leadership of Mrs. Dann C. Byck. After the declaration of war the subject under study was changed from United States in 1790 to a careful study of the history and relations of the United States and Japan. Then careful consideration was given to the feelings of the students whose status is officially that of aliens. Under the direction of Mrs. Arthur Kling, Mrs. Dann Byck and Mrs. Herman Handmaker a meeting was held and advice given on the manner in which the new Americans should conduct them­ selves so as not to be subject for criticism. An explanation was made of the official attitude of our government toward aliens, which is remarkable in its generosity and democratic ideals. The Nursery School is now finishing its fourth semester under the joint auspices of the Louisville Section and the Jewish Wel­ fare Federation. During the past year the capacity has been raised to accommodate eighteen children instead of fifteen. Two full scholarships given by the Louisville Section are in use. During the year Mother’s Meetings with the teacher and the Nursery School Board have been held. In addition to two workers furnished by the National Youth Administration for assisting with dishwashing and cleaning, eight Council members have given their services as teacher’s aids, and have become adept at helping the teachers handle the children’s daily program. The membership of the Louisville section has been asked to contri­ bute used but not damaged toys. We hope for early response to this request, as the toys are urgently needed. Cars furnished by voluntary drivers have provided the chil­ dren with several outings to points of inter­ est in the community. We look forward to the beginning of our third year of operations with reasonable pride in our past accom­ plishment and justifiable optimism for our future progress. Katherine H. Bottigheimer, Chairman, Council Nursery School Committee. The Council Workshop had a successful holiday season. The shop had space in the Highland Sample Shoe Store at Bonnycastle and Bardstown Road. Workers were fur­ nished by Mrs. Shelton Mann and her committee. Remember the Work Shop when considering gifts for graduation and all occasions. Call Mrs. Ben Wile, Highland 4166 or Mrs. Herman Ullman, Highland 5315 �FORWARD MARCH! NATIONAL SOLIDARITY The Evening Group of Louisville Section will hold its reg u lar m onthly m eeting a t Tem ple A dath Israel, T hursday, F ebruary 5th, a t 6 P. M. G uest speaker for th is sup­ per m eeting will be W illie Snow E theridge. The Defense Com mittee of th is group is lead by Miss Y etta Raus, whose m ost cap­ able and u n tirin g efforts have placed our m em bers w here they are m ost needed and w here im p o rtan t jobs a re being done by They are supplying reg u lar volunteers. w orkers for all types of office a t the Service Club, the Office for Civilian Defense and w hen needed, m em bers are assistin g in de­ fense w ork a t th e Public H ealth Bureau. They have received high p raise for th e qual­ ity of th eir work and for th eir dependability the m em bers who w ork in large num bers from th e heads of the various offices. Miss Anna R uth Spiegle is responsible for the m em bers who w ork in large num bers a t th e Red Cross surgical dressing units each w eek on T hursday nights. U nder th e leadership of Miss Dorothy Gradman, eight of the m em bers com pleted th e first aid course, two of whom are now taking the in stru cto rs course. The second class is now organized and aw aiting in stru c­ tion. A w elfare group w ith Miss G ertrude Eichenholz as chairm an, and a study group lead by Miss R osalie P earling are now in the process of organization. Florence K ort, Chairman. Your Council Dues Will Help Support MEMORIALS Mrs. Sol T urnhehn has been appointed to take over the chairm anship of th e Mem­ orial Fund. In the fu tu re send your dona­ tions to h e r a t 2541 Seneca Drive. L et us support Mrs. Turnheim in keeping th is fund m ost active for all of its m onies go to the support of our very im p o rtan t local activi­ ties. YOUR SHARE OF $50,000,000 is needed by th e A m erican Red Cross. Please do your p a rt tow ards th is em ergency fund for m en in service and th e ir fam ilies. SHOULDER ARMS! In order to fill a need a new fund has been created, to be known as the Service Fund. This fund is to be rem em bered on any happy or sad occasion connected w ith a m an or woman in th e service of our country. The m oney th u s collected will in tu rn be given to the Red Cross or Bundles for B luejackets as designated by the donor. Mrs. Clarence J. Hellm an, Chairm an, D art­ m outh Apts., H ighland 3134, will be glad to accept your donations. CIVILIAN D EFENSE . . . By train in g A m erican women for civil­ ian protection services. . . . By mobilizing the services of volun­ teers. . . . By organizing th e individual services into a group contribution. NATIONAL UNITY . . . By prom oting inter-faith cooperation through our program on Contem­ porary Jew ish Affairs. . . . By helping th e alien to find his place in the com m unity through our Serv­ ice to the Foreign Born and proving his loyalty to th e country through our new N ational Alien V olunteer Project. CIVILIAN MORALE . . . By cooperating as an organization and individually in local program s for civilian defense and social service. AN EXPANDING DEMOCRACY . . . By building an u nderstanding of local, national and inter-national affairs. . . . By fighting for social progress through action on proposed legislation. WARNING!! DON’T BE A HOARDER! As consum ers, Council m em bers m ust support the Victory Program . Louisville’s own Mr. Lewis W. Cole, m em ber of T he R etailer’s Advisory Com mittee to O.P.A., and The Food Advisory Panel to O.P.M., brought a m ost im pressive m essage to the Council a t its Ja n u ary m eet­ ing. H e m ade each m em ber p resen t feel th a t she could contribute h e r p a rt in n a­ tional defense in a quiet, unobtrusive way and still be doing im p o rtan t work. By con­ serving defense supplies, buying wisely, planning healthly diets w ithout w aste of food and train in g others to follow these rules, m uch can be contributed to our coun­ try ’s needs. Shortages are created by panic buying, “p an try hoarding” and profiteering. It is the duty of every Council m em ber, in fact, of every A m erican woman, to prevent th is from happening. �ALL OUT EFFORT The National Council of Jewish Women has an extensive Defense Program and the Louisville Section is making every effort to follow this program through its Social Welfare, Drives, Hospitality and American­ ization activities. We are also endeavoring to co-operate with the Army and Navy Com­ mittee of the Jewish Welfare Board, the Louisville Defense Council and its auxiliary unit, the Woman’s Council for Recreational Defense, the Federation of Women’s Clubs and the Red Cross. A number of meetings have been attended at which various phases of defense work have been discussed. Since October the Council of Jewish Women has, through its volunteers, given service at the Y.M.H.A., the Volunteers Bureau, Fort Knox and the Service Club. We are very proud of the Council Evening Group which has been very active and most generous with its time in services to De­ fense Work. Helen S. Starr, Defense Co-ordinator. Mrs. Max Bornstein, Highland 0224, and Mrs. Oscar Sales, Highland 6772-W, want to sing. They and their Singing Message Committee are at your service, day and night, for greetings in song. Just 25c is the charge and they claim they have never had a dissatisfied customer! The Social Welfare Committee will give a party for sixty patients at Lakeland the end of February. This is being done at the request of the State Department of Wel­ fare. The committee will be pleased to have volunteers to help. National wishes us to know that their Port and Dock Work was still going strong during December. As a result of the war, new tasks have fallen to their workers, for instance: representing aliens who have over­ stayed their leaves; appearing at hearings in behalf of aliens from enemy countries, reassuring anxious non-citizens. AS A PARTING SHOT—BUY DEFENSE BONDS AND STAMPS! MARCH ON! RANDOM SHOTS The last Sunday night in December our new Hospitality Chairman, Mrs. Alfred Sales, assisted by twelve workers prepared and served a supper for soldiers at the Y.M.H.A. Eighty hungry men enjoyed the meal to the fullest and added their thanks to ours for this excellent service. * ♦ * Service stripes for seventeen years faith­ ful work as treasurer of our Penny Lunch Fund are due Mrs. Dan Lorch. Only the taking over of the lunch room by the city was able to stop her. * * * We are proud to note that our Chairman of Drives, Mrs. Frank Garlove, has been made a member of the Louisville Board of the Field Army for Control of Cancer. Such recognition is well deserved. At present much of our time and thoughts are given over to the great world unrest. We turn our energies toward the emergency at hand and are prone to overlook the less spectacular but very worthy jobs. The Student Loan Fund serves a purpose which we all know must be maintained. Our young people now more than ever are en­ titled to education. With the approaching new semester we have received calls from students whose tuition we promised to pay. We will also have new applicants to consider. We are happy to report that loans are being repaid but voluntary contributions during the past year have been smaller than in previous years. We have only succeeded toward improv­ ing our organization when we have broad­ ened our scope to include the new demands made on us and have also continued with the old and well established projects. �THE SHOW MUST GO O N! There’ll always be a party, This year tve’ll have one, too, For spite of war and sadness, We’ll have to see it thru. There’ll always be some women To make you laugh and smile, For spite all else there is to do They know it’s so worth while. There’ll always be a dollar For luncheon at the Brown; For spite of rubber shortage, Feb. 16th, you’ll come to toivn. There’ll always be a good time, For members ivho will go, For spite of all the drawbacks, There’ll always be a show. Open to 1941 Paid-up Members Only Crystal Ballroom Brown Hotel, 1 P. M. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Holocaust and the Ohio Valley, 1920, 1933-1990s Description An account of the resource This collection consists of documents and photographs related to Jewish experiences in the Holocaust and World War II, Jewish American efforts to support refugees, and historical memory of the Holocaust in Kentucky and Southern Indiana. This digitization project is in partnership with the Louisville Ballet's <em><a href="https://www.louisvilleballet.org/a-time-remembered/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A Time Remembered</a> </em>performance, which marks the 80th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau. <div><br />Holocaust-era family documents center on the Wolff, Levy, and Ackermann families who escaped to the United States from France and Austria, and ultimately settled in Louisville. Passports provide photographs of the family members and track their movements through countries. Letters document their efforts to navigate the administrative barriers to passage, and the tragic fate of relatives who were not approved to leave.<br /><br />Records from the National Council of Jewish Women, Louisville Section document the organization's activist work in fundraising for and directly serving refugees in the city, and political organizing around national immigration policies and economic boycotts of German-made goods. The collection includes sample correspondence from national organizations and individuals who supported and were against Zionism in response to the violent antisemitism of the Holocaust. <br /><br />The final items in the collection document Holocaust memorial events in the 1990s. Invitations, photographs, scripts, press releases, and articles represent the memorialization work of the Jewish Community Center, Jewish Community Federation of Louisville, <span>Louisville Ballet, Louisville Orchestra, and other  organizations.</span></div> <br />This project was generously supported by the Jewish Heritage Fund.<br /><br /><a href="https://jewishheritagefund.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img src="https://jewishheritagefund.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" alt="jhfe-logo-leftaligned-color@2x.png" width="306" height="58" /></a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1920, 1933-1990s Type The nature or genre of the resource Collection Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Mss. BJ N277a Folder 006 Item 3 Title A name given to the resource The Bulletin, February 1942 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Description An account of the resource The February 1942, vol. 20, no. 20 issue of The Bulletin, a World War II era newsletter of the Louisville Section of the National Council of Jewish Women in Kentucky, with the address of Lillie Grauman written on the cover. The issue opens with an address from national Council President Mrs. Maurice L. Goldman regarding what members should do to support "the Victory Program." Local President Esther J. Handmaker (addressed in the minutes as Mrs. Herman Handmaker) asks readers to "heed her sound advice remembering that doing our every day tasks is part of defense." It is followed by a copy of the letter the Council sent to President Roosevelt "placing the resources of the National Council of Jewish Women at the disposal of the United States Government." A copy of a letter of appreciation from Secretary to the President Stephen Early follows. The issue then shifts to specific local news and events, including a legislation education class, free lending library, noncitizen registration assistance, refugee education programs, the Nursery School, Council Workshop, Memorial fund, Red Cross donations, Service fund, and Defense Program. Strong, consistent community support of these organizations and fundraising efforts is a common theme. A summary of how the Council Dues support "civilian defense," "national unity," "civilian morale," and "an expanding democracy follows." The issue calls on readers to not be a "hoarder" or to engage in "profiteering" on shortages, instead asking them to focus on "conserving" food and resources. The last two columns acknowledge community members for specific achievements and call for continued charitable support. The issue ends with a poem advertising a Council luncheon at the Brown Hotel. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1942-02 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 20th century 1940s Subject The topic of the resource National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Jews Jewish women Women Children Refugees Immigrants Kentucky--Louisville Kentucky--Jefferson County Louisville (Ky.) World War, 1939-1945 Military readiness Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Language A language of the resource eng Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Mss. BJ N277a, Folder 006, National Council of Jewish Women. Louisville Section Records, 1906-2020, The Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. for other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Property rights in the collection belong to The Filson Historical Society. The Filson Historical Society can provide high-resolution scans of original source materials from its holdings for non-commercial and commercial use. To learn about this process, visit https://Filsonhistorical.org/collections/order-reproductions/